Gr9 Space Review

Question 1

What are the Terrestrial planets

Answer 1

They are the rocky planets

Mercury, Venus, Earth ,Mars

Question 2

What are the Gaseous planets

Answer 2

Have no hard surface just gas and they have rings

Jupitar, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

Question 3

Explain Mercury

Answer 3

• closest to sun
• has no atmosphere (no protection)
• lava flowing in crust
• 400 degrees C sunny side - -180 degrees C dark side

Question 4

Explain Venus

Answer 4

• similar to Earth (unfit for humans)
• temp is 450 degrees C and can melt lead
• permanent clouds
• rotates east to west (opposite direction)
• atmosphere pressure is very high
• huge cannons, volcaneos, etc

Question 5

Explain Earth

Answer 5

• only planet with water
• there are all states (solid, liquid, gas)
• appropriate distance from the sun so supports all life
• active volcanism

Question 6

Explain Mars

Answer 6

• red planet
• colour caused by iron oxides
• 2 polar ice caps
• atmosphere is thin
• temp is cold (can reach 16 degrees C)
• canyons, valleys, volcaneos

Question 7

Explain Jupitar

Answer 7

• largest planet
• contains more then 2x mass then other planets
• composed of hydrogen and helliunm
• Great red spot is visable (huge storm on atmosphere)
• 3 thin rings

Question 8

Explain Saturn

Answer 8

• 2nd largest planet
• has over 1000 rings
• made of ice and dust
• has moons
• high wind (1800 km/h)
• Titan is the largest moon
• Hydrogen and hellium

Question 9

Explain Uranus

Answer 9

• unusual rotation (rolls on angel)
• mainly hydrogen and hellium
• 17 moons
• methane in atmosphere gives it the blue colour
• large ring system

Question 10

Explain Neptune

Answer 10

• similar to Uranus apperence
• bluish colour
• very little sun energy
• fastest wind speed (2500 km/h)
• 8 moons
• own ring system

Question 11

What is the moon

Answer 11

• oiffical name is Luna
• rock like object
• does not produce own light (reflects off of sun)
• creates Earth tides

Question 12

What are the Earth tides

Question 13

What is the sun

Answer 13

• closets star to Earth
• official name is Sol
• made up of hydrogen and hellium

Question 14

What are astronomical units

Answer 14

150 million km
1 astronomical unit is the avg distance between the sun and the Earth

Question 15

What is a comet

Answer 15

Celestial object made up of ice and dust that orbits the sun. Sun heats comet causing ice to break away and solar winds spread to ice tail.

Question 16

What is a asteroid

Answer 16

Rocky debris that orbits the sun around mars.

Question 17

What is a meteoroid

Answer 17

Pieces of rock travelling throughout solar system on a fixed path

Question 18

What is a meteorite

Answer 18

If it doesn’t completely blow up it hits Earth

Question 19

What is a meteor

Answer 19

Shooting star, a meteoroid that entered Earth’s atmosphere and begins to burn up.

Question 20

What is the order of stars from hottest to coolest

Answer 20

blue, yellow, red

Question 21

What is NEA

Answer 21

Near Earth Asteroid

Question 22

Where is the Kuiper belt

Answer 22

After Neptune

Question 23

What is Geocentric

Answer 23

Past belief Earth was centre of solar system

Question 24

What is Heliocentric

Answer 24

Name of model where sun is centered of solar system

Question 25

What is ursa major

Answer 25

Big dipper

Question 26

What is ursa minor

Answer 26

Little dipper

Question 27

Milky way is an example of this type of object

Answer 27

Spiral galaxy

Question 28

Life cycle of star

Answer 28

Starts as a baby nebula then it turns to low-mass stars then medium-mass stars, then high-mass stars, then super novas (which is the end of high-mass stars). Then neutron stars and finally black hole.

Question 30

What are the suns layers

Answer 30

Inner layers are the core, radiative and convective zone

Outter layers are photosphere, chrommosphere and corona

Question 31

What is the core

Answer 31

• pressure is high, temp is at least 15 million degrees C
• Nuclear fusion happens - light atoms combined and become heavy
• small amount of energy turns into pure energy
• fusion reaction creates hellium
• all energy being created causes surface to swell out despite the pull from sun’s gravity causes mass to collapse in

Question 32

What is the radiative zone

Answer 32

Outside the core
- dense, light and forms radiation absorbed and re-emitted in directions
- extends 3 quarters of the way to surface of sun
- light takes at least 100 000 years to pass through

Question 33

What is the convective zone

Answer 33

Layer outside radiative zone
- huge bubbles of hot plasma ooze toward surface with energy
- cool regions of plasma sink up to down where they warm again

Question 34

What is the photosphere

Answer 34

Boundary between inside and outside of sun, we see from Earth, lowest temp is 5500 degrees C,

This is where yellow colour comes from

Question 35

What is chromosphere

Answer 35

Means coloured (layer has red cast to it) only can see this on a total solar eclipse (photosphere is so bright)

Question 36

What is the corona

Answer 36

Outermost layer, extends beyond chromosphere, visable during solar eclipse

Question 37

Sun effects on the Earth

Answer 37

Solar wind
- lots of heat at surface produces thin, steady stream of subatomic particles - stream out of sun in all directions
- blows nebula from which it’s formed - push gas and dust away from sun - material not swirls around sun
- during turbulent solar times devices on Earth may be damaged by higher then normal charged particles from sun
- Interact with atmosphere

Aurora Borealis
- solar wind responsible for creating green, red, yellow light near north and south regions
- produced when charged particles collide with atoms and molecules in Earth’s atmosphere
- Aurora (glow) from particles from solar wind trapped in Earth’s magnetic field and swept to North and south pole.

Question 38

Importance of sun in solar system

Answer 38

Sun holds the whole solar system together.

Question 39

What is the brightest star

Answer 39

Sirius

Question 40

What are the 3 ways Earth moves

Answer 40

rotate, orbit, spin

Question 41

Explain the quote “With great power comes great responsibility” - Spider man

Answer 41

God gave us our Earth, he gave us the power over it and gave us the resources. We haven’t been responsible though, we have destroyed our Earth and killed species. We have created global warming, pollution, habitat change and more. We impact soil and water quality. We also cause more bigger issues like over population. We are in fault, and we used our power iresponsably. We need to chnage this because God trusted us with the power and we broke his trust. All of us need to be better citizens and regain our trust with God and our great responsibility.

Question 42

Age of stars by colour

Answer 42

Younger the star is more blue and older ones look red