Gr9 Space Review Flashcards
1
Q
What are the Terrestrial planets
A
They are the rocky planets
Mercury, Venus, Earth ,Mars
2
Q
What are the Gaseous planets
A
Have no hard surface just gas and they have rings
Jupitar, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
3
Q
Explain Mercury
A
- closest to sun
- has no atmosphere (no protection)
- lava flowing in crust
- 400 degrees C sunny side - -180 degrees C dark side
4
Q
Explain Venus
A
- similar to Earth (unfit for humans)
- temp is 450 degrees C and can melt lead
- permanent clouds
- rotates east to west (opposite direction)
- atmosphere pressure is very high
- huge cannons, volcaneos, etc
5
Q
Explain Earth
A
- only planet with water
- there are all states (solid, liquid, gas)
- appropriate distance from the sun so supports all life
- active volcanism
6
Q
Explain Mars
A
- red planet
- colour caused by iron oxides
- 2 polar ice caps
- atmosphere is thin
- temp is cold (can reach 16 degrees C)
- canyons, valleys, volcaneos
7
Q
Explain Jupitar
A
- largest planet
- contains more then 2x mass then other planets
- composed of hydrogen and helliunm
- Great red spot is visable (huge storm on atmosphere)
- 3 thin rings
8
Q
Explain Saturn
A
- 2nd largest planet
- has over 1000 rings
- made of ice and dust
- has moons
- high wind (1800 km/h)
- Titan is the largest moon
- Hydrogen and hellium
9
Q
Explain Uranus
A
- unusual rotation (rolls on angel)
- mainly hydrogen and hellium
- 17 moons
- methane in atmosphere gives it the blue colour
- large ring system
10
Q
Explain Neptune
A
- similar to Uranus apperence
- bluish colour
- very little sun energy
- fastest wind speed (2500 km/h)
- 8 moons
- own ring system
11
Q
What is the moon
A
- oiffical name is Luna
- rock like object
- does not produce own light (reflects off of sun)
- creates Earth tides
12
Q
What are the Earth tides
A
13
Q
What is the sun
A
- closets star to Earth
- official name is Sol
- made up of hydrogen and hellium
14
Q
What are astronomical units
A
150 million km
1 astronomical unit is the avg distance between the sun and the Earth
15
Q
What is a comet
A
Celestial object made up of ice and dust that orbits the sun. Sun heats comet causing ice to break away and solar winds spread to ice tail.
16
Q
What is a asteroid
A
Rocky debris that orbits the sun around mars.
17
Q
What is a meteoroid
A
Pieces of rock travelling throughout solar system on a fixed path
18
Q
What is a meteorite
A
If it doesn’t completely blow up it hits Earth
19
Q
What is a meteor
A
Shooting star, a meteoroid that entered Earth’s atmosphere and begins to burn up.
20
Q
What is the order of stars from hottest to coolest
A
blue, yellow, red
21
Q
What is NEA
A
Near Earth Asteroid
22
Q
Where is the Kuiper belt
A
After Neptune
23
Q
What is Geocentric
A
Past belief Earth was centre of solar system
24
Q
What is Heliocentric
A
Name of model where sun is centered of solar system
25
What is ursa major
Big dipper
26
What is ursa minor
Little dipper
27
Milky way is an example of this type of object
Spiral galaxy
28
Life cycle of star
Starts as a baby nebula then it turns to low-mass stars then medium-mass stars, then high-mass stars, then super novas (which is the end of high-mass stars). Then neutron stars and finally black hole.
29
30
What are the suns layers
Inner layers are the core, radiative and convective zone
Outter layers are photosphere, chrommosphere and corona
31
What is the core
- pressure is high, temp is at least 15 million degrees C
- Nuclear fusion happens - light atoms combined and become heavy
- small amount of energy turns into pure energy
- fusion reaction creates hellium
- all energy being created causes surface to swell out despite the pull from sun's gravity causes mass to collapse in
32
What is the radiative zone
Outside the core
- dense, light and forms radiation absorbed and re-emitted in directions
- extends 3 quarters of the way to surface of sun
- light takes at least 100 000 years to pass through
33
What is the convective zone
Layer outside radiative zone
- huge bubbles of hot plasma ooze toward surface with energy
- cool regions of plasma sink up to down where they warm again
34
What is the photosphere
Boundary between inside and outside of sun, we see from Earth, lowest temp is 5500 degrees C,
This is where yellow colour comes from
35
What is chromosphere
Means coloured (layer has red cast to it) only can see this on a total solar eclipse (photosphere is so bright)
36
What is the corona
Outermost layer, extends beyond chromosphere, visable during solar eclipse
37
Sun effects on the Earth
Solar wind
- lots of heat at surface produces thin, steady stream of subatomic particles - stream out of sun in all directions
- blows nebula from which it's formed - push gas and dust away from sun - material not swirls around sun
- during turbulent solar times devices on Earth may be damaged by higher then normal charged particles from sun
- Interact with atmosphere
Aurora Borealis
- solar wind responsible for creating green, red, yellow light near north and south regions
- produced when charged particles collide with atoms and molecules in Earth's atmosphere
- Aurora (glow) from particles from solar wind trapped in Earth's magnetic field and swept to North and south pole.
38
Importance of sun in solar system
Sun holds the whole solar system together.
39
What is the brightest star
Sirius
40
What are the 3 ways Earth moves
rotate, orbit, spin
41
Explain the quote "With great power comes great responsibility" - Spider man
God gave us our Earth, he gave us the power over it and gave us the resources. We haven't been responsible though, we have destroyed our Earth and killed species. We have created global warming, pollution, habitat change and more. We impact soil and water quality. We also cause more bigger issues like over population. We are in fault, and we used our power iresponsably. We need to chnage this because God trusted us with the power and we broke his trust. All of us need to be better citizens and regain our trust with God and our great responsibility.
42
Age of stars by colour
Younger the star is more blue and older ones look red
