GP - Cough, Rhinitis, Rhinorrhoea Flashcards

1
Q

RECAP - What are the sections that should be covered in any medical history?

A
  • History of Presenting Complaint
  • Past Medical History
  • Drug History
  • Family History
  • Social History
  • Systems Review
  • ICE
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2
Q

What are the possible causes of cough? PART 1

A
  • VASCULAR - i.e pulmonary oedema
  • INFECTIVE i.e viral/bacterial infections
  • INFLAMMATORY i.e Allergies, asthma, COPD, post-nasal drip, pulmonary fibrosis
  • TRAUMA - i.e foreign bodies/pneumothorax
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3
Q

What are the possible causes of cough? PART 2

A
  • AUTOIMMUNE i.e sarcoidosis
  • METABOLIC
  • IATROGENIC i.e medication such as ACE inhibitors
  • IDIOPATHIC
  • NEOPLASTIC - Lung/laryngeal cancers
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4
Q

Based on the VITAMIN acronym, what could be the causes of nasal congestion?

A
  • V - Haematoma
  • I - Viral/Bacterial - Nasal Polyps/ Adenoid Hypertrophy
  • T - Broken Nose/Septal Deviation
  • A
  • M
  • I - Foreign Bodies
  • N - Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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5
Q

Based on the VITAMIN acronym, what could be the causes of rhinorrhoea?

A
  • V
  • I - Viral/ Bacterial - Allergy/Hay Fever/Nasal Polyps
  • T - CSF (MAJOR RED FLAG)
  • A
  • M
  • I - Medication e.g cocaine
  • N
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6
Q

Based on the VITAMIN acronym, what could be the causes of sneezing?

A
  • V
  • I - Viral/Bacterial - Allergy/Irritants
  • T
  • A
  • M
  • I - Steroid Nasal Spray
  • N
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7
Q

Would you give antibiotics for a cold?

A

NO!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

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8
Q

How would you discuss antibiotics for patients with colds? PART 1

A
  • Ask about patient’s concerna
  • Summarise history and results of physical examination
  • Ask about their expectations - ‘How do you feel about antibiotics?’
  • Provide explanation for symptoms
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9
Q

How would you discuss antibiotics for patients with colds? PART 2

A
  • Be specific about usual course of cough
  • Explain shortcomings and side effects of antibiotics (only reduce cough by 1 day in a 3-4 week illness.)
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10
Q

How would you discuss antibiotics for patients with colds? PART 3

A
  • Provide patients with specific information on red-flag symptoms and when further help is seeked
  • Provide safety-netting advice (paracetamol to help pain and soother inflammation. Drink enough water - needed for immune system to function properly)
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