GP Flashcards
What is polypharmacy?
The concurrent use of multiple medications by one patient
What is concordance?
The agreement reached after negotiation between a patient and doctor that respects the beliefs and wishes of the patient in determining whether, when and how medicines are taken
Why might a patient struggle to stick to medication?
- Lack of motivation
- Lack of understanding of drug
- Fear of side effects
- Misconceptions about drug
- Language barrier
Benefits of breastfeeding for the baby
- Immunity
- Reduces risk of infection
- Reduces risk of SIDS
- Reduces risk of obesity and CVD
- Reduces risk of diarrhoea and vomiting
Benefits of breast feeding for the mother
- Creates bond with baby
- Reduces risk of breast cancer and ovarian cancer
- Reduces risk of osteoporosis
- Reduces risk of CVD and obesity
Complications after vaginal delivery
- CVD
- Infection or sepsis
- Hemmhoragic stroke
- Thrombotic pulmonary embolism
- Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
- Anaesthesia problems
- Post natal depression (10-20%)
- Perineal scarring
- Back pain
How to check brain damage in a baby after ventouse suction delivery
- Examine motor movements
- Hydrocephalis measurements
What would class as an abnormal growth chart result?
- Lower than the 2nd percentile
- Higher than the 98th percentile
- Not consistent (deviation of 2 centiles is worrying)
Red reaction test
- Done at birth to check for retinoblastoma
- For adults, its used to test for cataracts
- Looking for red reflection of the retina
Which vaccines are given under 1 years old?
- 6-in-1
- Rotavirus
- MenB
- Pneumococcal
Which vaccines are given age 1-15?
- MenB
- Hib/MenC
- MMR
- Pneumococcal
- Flu vaccine every year (2-10)
- 4-in-1 preschool booster
- 3-in-1 teenage booster
- HPV
- MenACWY
What vaccines are included in the 6-in-1?
- Diphtheria
- Hepatitis B
- Hib
- Polio
- Tetanus
- Pertussis (whooping cough)
What vaccines are included in the 4-in-1?
- Diphtheria
- Tetanus
- Pertussis (whooping cough)
- Polio
What vaccines are included in the 3-in-1?
- Tetanus
- Diphtheria
- Polio
Vaccines given to adults
- 50+ years - Flu
- 65 years - Pneumococcal
- 70 years - Shingles
Vaccines given to pregnant women
- During flu season - flu from 16 weeks pregnant
- Pertussis
What condition should you be worried about if a newborn’s growth is abnormally fast?
Gigantism
What condition should you be worried about if a newborn’s growth is abnormally slow?
Hypothyroidism
What is the most common cause of a heart murmur in a baby in the first 24 hours which goes within 3 days?
Patent ductus arteriosis - lasts for about 5 days. 1/3 close spontaneously, if it is significant, it can lead to heart failure.
What would splenomegaly in newborns be a sign of?
Haemolytic disease of the newborn
Sign of hypothyroidism in a baby
A large anterior fontanelle and anything more than a fingertip breadth posterior fontanelle
What are some major risk factors for postnatal depression?
- History of mental health problems
- Psychological disturbance during pregnancy
- Poor social support
- Poor relationship with partner
- Recent major life event
- Baby blues
What is the recommended treatment for mild to moderate post natal depression?
Facilitated self-help strategies
What is the recommended treatment for mild post natal depression with a history of severe depression?
Antidepressant