Governments, Systems, and Regimes Flashcards
refers to the institutional processes through which collective
and usually binding decisions are made
Government
A network of relationships through which
government generates ‘outputs’ (policies) in response to ‘inputs’
(demands or support) from the general public.
Political system
: A set of arrangements and procedures for government,
outlining the location of authority and the nature of the policy
process.
Regime
A sudden and forcible seizure of government
power through illegal and unconstitutional action.
Coup d’état
Paralysis resulting from institutional rivalry
within government, or the attempt to respond to conflicting public
demands.
Government gridlock
The application of values and theories drawn from
one’s own culture to other groups and peoples
Ethnocentrism
A political leader whose control over the masses is
based on the ability to whip up hysterical enthusiasm.
Demagogue
The theory or practice of absolute government, most
commonly associated with an absolute monarchy.
Absolutism
The principle that political authority stems
ultimately from the consent of the people; the rejection of
monarchical and dynastic principles.
Republicanism
an all-encompassing system of political rule, typically established by pervasive ideological manipulation and open terror. It differs from autocracy and authoritarianism, in that it seeks to politicize every aspect of social and personal existence, rather than just suppress
political opposition.
Totalitarianism
The total financial value of final goods
and services produced in an economy over one year.
Gross domestic product
Such regimes are a product of the first two ‘waves’
of democratization
Western liberal democracies / polyarchies
refers, generally, to the institutions and political processes of modern representative democracy
Polyarchy
The introduction of internal and external checks on
government power and/or shifts towards private enterprise and the
market.
Liberalization
Are organized to the parliamentary lines according to a system of
government in which the executive is drawn from, and accountable to, the assembly or parliament
Majority Democracies (Westminster Model)
A form of democracy that operates through power-sharing and a close association amongst a number of parties or political formations.
Consociational democracy / Consensus Democracies
Regimes in which the process of democratic
consolidation is incomplete; democracy is not yet the ‘only game in
town
New democracies
refers to a rule of decision-making in which the preferences of the majority overrule those of the minority
Majoritarianism
A regime in which democratic and authoritarian features and operate
alongside one another in a stable combination.
Semi-democracy
the balance of the
world’s economy shifted markedly from the West to the East in the rise of this regime
East Asian regimes
The rise of Islam as a political force
Islamic regimes
Islamic law, believed to be based on divine revelation, and
derived from the Koran, the Hadith (the teachings of Muhammad),
and other sources.
Shari’a
A dictatorship is, strictly, a form of rule in which absolute power is
vested in one individual
Dictatorship
The key feature of this regime is that the leading posts in
the government are filled on the
basis of the person’s position
within the military chain of
command.
Military regimes
Literally, ‘a council’; a (usually military) clique that
seizes power through a revolution or coup d’état.
Junta
