Governments and IGOs Flashcards
What are the MDGs?
The Millenium Development Goals were created by the UN and ran from 2000 to 2015.
What was the aim of the MDGs?
To help developing countries make social progress and fight poverty. Overall goal was to reduce the gap between developing and developed nations.
What are examples of the MDGs success?
- The Health target prevented 20 million deaths between 2000 and 2015.
- Infant mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa fell by 53%
What were the critiscisms of MDGs?
- Uneven progress across countries and regions.
- Often fell short for the poorest and most disadvantaged.
What does the World Bank do?
Lends money to emerging and developing countries to promote development.
What sort of projects does it fund?
Roads, HEP, telecoms and water supply schemes.
What does the World Bank do for education?
It is a founding member of the Global Partnership for education which was created to help achieve the MDGs.
What does the IMF do?
Promotes global economic stability by intervening in countries that experience economic difficulties. Rearranges loans at adjusted rates of interest and at more affordable repayments.
What does the IMF need in return?
Imposes Structural adjustment programmes (SAPs).
What do the SAPs do?
Force the state to reduce its role in the economy (privatisation) and in social welfare (spending on health and education).
What is the result of SAPs?
TNCs benefit from privatisation.
What is the aim of the IMF?
To reduce market crashes and recessions.
What does the WTO promote?
Promotes free trade through negotiations between countries.
What has the progress been like?
Since the 1950s a series of negotiating rounds have removed barriers to trade but since the 1990s progress has been slow.
What have been the negatives of the WTO?
Resulted in environmental degradation e.g. in Indonesia where rainforest has been cleared for palm oil production.
