Government, propaganda and the beginning of the Stalinist cult Flashcards
What two government methods were the five-year plans and collectivisation initiated using?
Coercion and propaganda
What did the launch of Stalin’s economic campaigns promote?
A propaganda campaign to encourage all Soviet citizens to build socialism. Anyone who didn’t share this aim was to be treated as a traitor
What else did the propaganda often emphasis?
The heroism of the working class
What was presented through photos?
Stalin presented as Lenin’s disciple with him in Lenin’s company and sometimes the photos were doctored to eradiate the close relationship that Lenin had with other party members such as Trotsky
How did Stalin’s propaganda shift in the 1930’s?
From a position where he was the rightful heir and disciple of Lenin to greater emphasis on him as the heroic leader of the SU
What started to emerge and what did this lead to?
Cult of personality started to develop and contributed to the creation of a totalitarian state
What is one of the best examples of Soviet propaganda celebrating the heroic efforts of the working class?
The Stakhanovite movement - 30th August 1935 a coalminer (Alexei Stakhanov) mined almost 14 times the amount expected in a normal shift and workers across Russia were told to replicate his work - medals awarded to successful workers during this campaign
Who did the SU sign agreements with in the 1920’s and what remained the Cominterns’ role despite this?
Signed agreements with Britain and Germany but the Cominterns’ role remained to encourage revolutionary activities in all countries (especially western capitalist powers)
When was the communist party form in China and what did the Comintern request?
In 1921 the Chinese Communist party was formed hoping to carry through a communist revolution in China
At the request of the Comintern the Chinese communist party allied itself with the nationalists in the struggle of power in China.
When was the pursuit for revolution in Shanghai and what was the outcome?
Ordered by the Comintern - took place April 1927 - it failed and thousands of communist supporters were killed in the consequent purification
Stalin continued to insist that Chinese Communist Party work with the nationalists (opposed by other leading Bolsheviks)
When was the Treaty of Berlin signed and what was it based on?
April 1926
Built on the Rapallo treaty
What did Treaty of Berlin agree?
A non-aggression pact with one another (the desire to continue to safeguard relations with Germany proved to be a feature of Soviet foreign policy in the 1930’s)
Why was the Comintern initially established?
To promote and excite revolutionary activities abroad (but attempts had not been successful)
What further damaged hope of extending communism into Europe?
The rise of fascism in Italy after 1922 and the stability of Germany after 1924
In 1924 what did Moscow order the communist parties in Europe to do?
Act as a united labour front in order to radicalise socialist parties
Why did Moscow’s instructions emphasis the failure of the communist parties in Europe?
They were unable to exert influence by themselves to promote the revolutionary activity which the Comintern expected
What did Stalin understand about his position?
The advantages of his central position in the party, especially his grip on the bureaucracy through his post as central secretary and ‘bureaucratic centralism’ was key to his style of government
Why was factionalism a crime against the party in Stalin’s system?
Once the party line had been set out by the leader , backed by majorities in party committees and the Politburo, dissent meant disloyalty
What was Stalin’s government always presented as?
A continuation of Lenin’s legacy with all-pervasive reminders to politicians and to the people that Stalin had been Lenin’s closest comrade