Government Policy

Question 1

This act worked to set up goals and policies related to the environment. It also set up the Council on Environmental Quality.

Answer 1

The National Environmental Policy Act

Question 2

A war where countries are not actively attacking each other, but where passive methods like propaganda and threats, or indirect conflict through other countries, are used.

Answer 2

A cold war

Question 3

A set of government programs that provide benefits upon certain qualifications to citizens who contribute to them

Answer 3

Social insurance programs

Question 4

An act that works to regulate food contaminants.

Answer 4

The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act

Question 5

Nuclear, chemical, or biological weapons capable of destroying entire populations

Answer 5

Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs)

Question 6

Forces that are used openly against opposing forces, including the Marines, U.S. Army, Air Force, and Navy

Answer 6

Conventional forces

Question 7

Social security insurance paid to those who qualify by retiring at a certain age, surviving the death of a spouse or guardian, or becoming disabled before retirement

Answer 7

Old Age, Survivors, Disability Insurance (OASDI)

Question 8

Highly-trained military units designed for unique missions

Answer 8

Special Forces

Question 9

During this time in the economic cycle, a country exceeds its potential output and has a fast growing real GDP.

Answer 9

Economic Peak

Question 10

A doctrine that says the U.S. will react to emerging threats as they develop, instead of waiting for an act of overt aggression.

Answer 10

Preemptive Defense Doctrine

Question 11

A way to deliver benefits that does not rely on cash

Answer 11

In-kind assistance

Question 12

The amount of money a bank must hold in reserve to meet all withdrawals.

Answer 12

Reserve requirement

Question 13

The U.S. central bank. An independent body that can buy treasury bonds, change the reserve requirement, and adjust the discount rate to control money supply

Answer 13

The Federal Reserve

Question 14

The lowest point in the economic cycle. Real GDP is incredibly low at this point in the economic cycle.

Answer 14

Economic Trough

Question 15

Government insurance provided to those who have involuntarily lost their jobs

Answer 15

Unemployment benefits

Question 16

Maintaining low inflation Limiting periods of boom and bust

Stabilizing the economy

Answer 16

Ways that fiscal policies protect the economy

Question 17

The Senate

Answer 17

Part of the government that can decline to ratify a treaty

Question 18

When the government allows taxpayers to subtract an amount of money from their taxes

Answer 18

Tax credit

Question 19

Also called a contraction, this is when actual economic output is below potential economic output. Other characteristics include a consecutive six months of declining GDP, lower prices, and rising unemployment.

Answer 19

Economic recession

Question 20

Forces that receive special training and are used in unusual or elite missions

Answer 20

Special forces

Question 21

A policy without one overarching approach toward a goal that tries to address various opinions, interests, and debates

Answer 21

Fragmented policy

Question 22

Includes social policy, public health policy, education policy, environmental policy, criminal justice policy, and economic policy

Answer 22

Domestic policy

Question 23

Government spending is decreased, and/or taxes are increased

Answer 23

Deflationary fiscal spending

Question 24

Democrats

Answer 24

U.S. political party that asserts ideals centered on equal opportunity and eliminating discrimination, disadvantage, and privilege

Question 25

This act was created to regulate the amount of residue from pesticides in food.

Answer 25

The Food Quality Protection Act

Question 26

A Cold War strategy used by the U.S. and U.S.S.R. to ensure neither side would use nuclear weapons out of fear the other side would retaliate with them

Answer 26

Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD)

Question 27

Purchasing U.S. treasury bonds, altering the Reserve’s requirements in banks, altering the discount rate

Answer 27

Federal Reserve monetary policy

Question 28

Individual rights, tolerance of others, equality before the law, democratic representation

Answer 28

National ideals

Question 29

Congress can execute legislation, fund government activities, declare war, and reject or amend international treaties

Answer 29

Congressional powers on matters of foreign policy

Question 30

A social insurance designed to provide healthcare for citizens 65 years and older, or citizens who suffer from certain disabilities

Answer 30

Medicare

Question 31

A state that is dependent on more powerful nations

Answer 31

Client state

Question 32

A Social Security program that makes healthcare available to those who qualify

Answer 32

Medicare

Question 33

The acts of selling, distributing and applying pesticides are controlled by this act.

Answer 33

The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act

Question 34

The U.S. Army, Navy, Marines, and Air Force

Answer 34

Conventional U.S. military forces

Question 35

The period in an economic cycle when a country has a positive real GDP along with low inflation and unemployment.

Answer 35

Economic Expansion

Question 36

Import taxes on goods (countries might impose tariffs to retaliate against price floors that they think are too high)

Answer 36

Tariffs

Question 37

A post-9/11 policy that states the U.S. will preemptively attack a threat if there is suicient evidence that the U.S. is about to be attacked.

Answer 37

Preemptive War Doctrine

Question 38

The president can negotiate treaties, delegate ambassadors, come to executive agreements, enact executive orders, veto legislation, and deploy military troops

Answer 38

Presidential powers on matters of foreign policy

Question 39

The National Labor Relations Act of 1935, the Fair Labor Standards Act, and the Walsh-Healey Act

Answer 39

Three important pieces of government legislation that helped promote labor relations

Question 40

Regulations that set requirements and standards for an activity or industry on how they can affect the environment.

Answer 40

Command & control regulations

Question 41

Regulations that promote certain behaviors with rewards while discouraging other behavior by making it expensive (e.g. giving refunds for when people do recycle, and charging penalties for when they don’t)

Answer 41

Incentive regulations

Question 42

When the government allows the taxpayers to subtract partial amounts of certain costs from their taxes

Answer 42

Tax deduction

Question 43

Republicans

Answer 43

U.S. political party claiming to favor personal decision-making and responsibility, and a smaller role for the government