Civil Rights & Liberties Flashcards
Legislation in the U.S. Constitution that speaks to citizenship and the equal rights of citizens
Fourteenth Amendment
The free flow of information, ideas, and opinions in our society
Freedom of Speech
The 1876 case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the second amendment applied only to the federal government, and that state governments could interfere with a person’s right to bear arms
U.S. v. Cruikshank
A law that prevents the U.S. government from creating legislation that would improperly mix church and state and from creating laws that favors/punishes one religion over another
The Establishment Clause
Grants the accused the right to confront the accuser, the right to a public trial, the right to a trial by jury, the right to a speedy trial, and the right to an adequate attorney.
Sixth Amendment
The clause in the First Amendment that prevents the U.S. government from penalizing a person based on his or her religious beliefs.
The Free Exercise Clause
Freedom of speech may be regulated if it involves obscene photos of minor children or anything that can dangerously disturb the peace. Time, place and manner are also considered.
Limitations on Freedom of Speech
Governments typically regulate the right of people to assemble if there is a compelling reason related to time, place, and manner, but it cannot impact the group’s rights to freedom of speech
Limitations on Freedom of Assembly
An individual’s right to live freely from unwarranted publicity and to be left alone
Right of Privacy
Free press may be regulated by the government if it can be determined to be too obscene or broadcasted while children can access it
Limitations on Free Press
The right for a group of people to gather in one place for a common purpose
Assembly
The landmark case in 1965 where the Supreme Court ruled that the Bill of Rights implied a right to privacy
Griswold v. Connecticut
The first 10 amendments of the United States Constitution
Bill of Rights
Rights that are promised to the people by legislation, court-made law, and by the U.S. Constitution
Civil Liberties
A Supreme Court case that ruled in favor of the rights of individual citizens to carry firearms, not just militias
District of Columbia v. Heller
The landmark case in the early 1800s that gave the U.S. Supreme Court the power to block unconstitutional legislation
Marbury v. Madison
A movement to preserve Native American culture and raise awareness about legislation regarding Native American land claims and adopting children with Native American ancestry
The American Indian Movement
A part of the Fourteenth Amendment that ensures no state can deny an individual within its jurisdiction equal protection of the laws
Equal Protection Clause
The 1896 case with which the Supreme Court ruled that segregation (‘separate but equal’) was constitutional.
Plessy v. Ferguson
A United Nations document that declares that all human beings are entitled to having their basic civil rights protected
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
The clause in the First Amendment that prevents the U.S. government from passing laws that allow religious institutions and government agencies to blend, as well as preventing some religions to be favored over others.
The Establishment Clause
The individual right to worship freely, in any religion of one’s choosing, without interference from the state; inspired by early immigrants who fled to the U.S. for religious freedom
Freedom of Religion
An act that proposed denying federal benefits to same-sex couples that were legally married in their states; it was struck down by the Supreme Court
Defense of Marriage Act
Laws that were implemented after the Civil War, which allowed for segregation based on race
Jim Crow laws
