gov test #3 chapters 7,8,9

Question 1

conventional participation

Answer 1

consists of relatively routine behavior that uses the established institutions and channels of gov and is acceptable by the dominant culture

Question 2

direct action

Answer 2

assembling crowds to confront business and local gov was used during civil rights movements civil right relied on this

Question 3

initiative

Answer 3

allows voters to petition to propose legislation and then submit it for a vote by qualified voters

Question 4

progressivism

Answer 4

a philosophy of political reform based upon the goodness and wisdom of the individual citizen as opposed to distrusted special interests and political institutions

Question 5

referendum

Answer 5

a state-level method of direct legislation that gives voters a chance to approve or disapprove proposed legislation or a proposed constitutional amendment

Question 6

suffrage/franchise

Answer 6

right to vote

Question 7

unconventional participation

Answer 7

relatively uncommon political behavior that challenges or defies established institutions and dominant norms

Question 8

class action suit

Answer 8

a legal action brought by a person or group on behalf of a number of people is similar circumstances

Question 9

19th amendment

Answer 9

the right of citizens to vote shall not be denied or abridged fake by the US or by any state on account of sex. also gave the women right to vote. even though the vast majority didn’t want to vote in the first place

Question 10

unconventional participation

Answer 10

actions of private citizens by which they seek to influence or supporting gov and politics

Question 11

direct primary

Answer 11

election to elect candidates. vote a candidate to run general election

Question 12

influencing behavior

Answer 12

citizens use influencing behavior to modify or even reverse gov policy to serve political interests

Question 13

political participation

Answer 13

involvement in activities intended to influence the public and leadership, such as voting, joining political groups, contacting elected officials, demonstrating for political causes, and giving money to political candidates

Question 14

recall

Answer 14

the method of removing elected officials from office before the end of their terms, by citizens

Question 15

standard socioeconomic model

Answer 15

participation chiefly refers to education, income and occupation

Question 16

supportive behavior

Answer 16

action that expresses allegiance to gov and country

Question 17

voter turnout

Answer 17

the percentage of citizens taking part in the election process, the number of eligible voters that actually turnout on election day to cast their ballots

Question 18

15th amendment

Answer 18

the right of citizens of the US to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the US or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude

Question 19

26th amendment

Answer 19

the right of citizens of the US who are 18 yrs. of age, or older, to vote, shall not be denied or abridged by the US or any state on account of age

Question 20

provide examples of unconventional participation

Answer 20

young people, students and those with grave concerns about a regime’s policies are most likely to engage in unconventional participation. EX: signing petitions, supporting boycotts, and staging demonstrations and protests

Question 21

what does a practical test of whether or not a gov is democratic consist of

Answer 21

if there’s not a lot of protest our gov is working

Question 22

citizen’s mobilization to stop the construction of a nuclear waste facility near their homes would be an example of the ___________ phenomenon

Answer 22

NIMY is not in my backyard

Question 23

to whom did the framers of the constitution leave the issue of voter enfranchisement to

Answer 23

they left it to the state

Question 24

what did a 2013 supreme court decision regarding the voting rights act allow numerous states to do

Answer 24

the supreme court struck down a formula at the heart of the voting rights act. now voters who are discriminated against bear the burden of proving they are disenfranchised.

Question 25

the typical procedure for an initiative requires petitions how many signatures of the number of registered voters in a state

Answer 25

5-10%

Question 26

what are some characteristics frequently associated with non voters

Answer 26

low education, low income, and being relatively young

Question 27

of all the social and economic variables affecting political participation _________ is the strongest single factor

Answer 27

education

Question 28

closed primaries

Answer 28

some people favor the closed primary, they say that it prevents members of one party from crossing over into the other party’s primary to vote for weak candidates

Question 29

federal election commission FEC

Answer 29

enforces campaign finance laws, for 2020 total spending equated to 14 billion dollars

Question 30

general election

Answer 30

an election where all the party winners of the primary election run against each other. all registered voters are allowed to vote in a general election

Question 31

primary election

Answer 31

election in which voters choose the candidates from each party who will run in the general election

Question 32

open primaries

Answer 32

voters may choose privately in which primary to vote, in other words, voters may choose which party’s ballot to vote on, but this decision is private and does not register the voter with that party

Question 33

Presidental primary

Answer 33

a process by which a party chose their strongest candidate

Question 34

split ticket

Answer 34

voting for candidates of different parties for different offices at the same election

Question 35

straight ticket

Answer 35

voting for candidates of only one party in an election

Question 36

according to the text, why do American presidential election seems to last so long

Answer 36

they are consistently held every 4 years

Question 37

why does the new Hampshire presidential primary gather the lion’s share of political and media attention

Answer 37

is the first one to occur each election year

Question 38

majority representation

Answer 38

the system by which one office, contested by 2 or more candidates is won by the single candidate who collects the most votes

Question 39

national committee

Answer 39

a committee of a political party composed of party chairpersons and party officials from every state

Question 40

national convention

Answer 40

known as a new method for the nomination presidential candidates, a gathering of a single political party from across the country to choose candidates for president and vice president and to adopt a party platform

Question 41

party identification

Answer 41

a voter’s sense of psychological attachment to a party

Question 42

political party

Answer 42

an organization that sponsors candidates for political office under the organization name

Question 43

proportional representation

Answer 43

the system by which legislative seats are awarded to a party in proportion to the vote that party wins in an election

Question 44

responsible party gov

Answer 44

a set of principles form realizing the ideal role of parties in a majoritarian democracy

Question 45

does the constitution discuss parties

Answer 45

the US Constitution says nothing about political parties. only 1/3 of party candidate has won the presidential election. in a one-party system, the party and the gov are nearly the thing

Question 46

why did black Americans shifted significantly to the democratic party in the 1960

Answer 46

democratic party support for civil rights legislation

Question 47

what percentage of all Americans adopt their parents party

Answer 47

50%

Question 48

discuss the functions served by political parties in today’s political system

Answer 48

nominate candidates to rally their supporters, participate in gov act as a bonding agent, for their own officeholders, and act as a watchdog over the other party

Question 49

by national law _____ of the seats in the house of representatives and ______ of the seats in the senate are filled in a general election held every even-numbered year

Answer 49

all; 1/3

Question 50

how many votes does each state have in the electoral college

Answer 50

one vote

Question 51

how many votes are needed to win the electoral college

Answer 51

total: 538 electoral votes. at least 270 electoral votes to win

Question 52

what percent of the incumbents in the house of representatives historically have won elections

Answer 52

90%

Question 53

what are the responsibilities of the federal election commission FEC

Answer 53

administers and enforces campaign finance laws its duties include overseeing disclosure of campaign finance info and public funding of presidential elections, enforcing contribution limits

Question 54

campaign finance laws are challenged as a violation of the _____ amendment

Answer 54

first

Question 55

beginning with the 2010 election, what supreme court case allows corporations to run ads directly advocating a candidate’s election

Answer 55

the supreme court issued a ruling in citizens united vs federal election commission overruling an earlier decision