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government exam 1 chpt 1,2,3 > gov test #3 chapters 7,8,9 > Flashcards

gov test #3 chapters 7,8,9 Flashcards

1
Q

conventional participation

A

consists of relatively routine behavior that uses the established institutions and channels of gov and is acceptable by the dominant culture

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2
Q

direct action

A

assembling crowds to confront business and local gov was used during civil rights movements civil right relied on this

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3
Q

initiative

A

allows voters to petition to propose legislation and then submit it for a vote by qualified voters

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4
Q

progressivism

A

a philosophy of political reform based upon the goodness and wisdom of the individual citizen as opposed to distrusted special interests and political institutions

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5
Q

referendum

A

a state-level method of direct legislation that gives voters a chance to approve or disapprove proposed legislation or a proposed constitutional amendment

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6
Q

suffrage/franchise

A

right to vote

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7
Q

unconventional participation

A

relatively uncommon political behavior that challenges or defies established institutions and dominant norms

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8
Q

class action suit

A

a legal action brought by a person or group on behalf of a number of people is similar circumstances

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9
Q

19th amendment

A

the right of citizens to vote shall not be denied or abridged fake by the US or by any state on account of sex. also gave the women right to vote. even though the vast majority didn’t want to vote in the first place

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10
Q

unconventional participation

A

actions of private citizens by which they seek to influence or supporting gov and politics

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11
Q

direct primary

A

election to elect candidates. vote a candidate to run general election

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12
Q

influencing behavior

A

citizens use influencing behavior to modify or even reverse gov policy to serve political interests

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13
Q

political participation

A

involvement in activities intended to influence the public and leadership, such as voting, joining political groups, contacting elected officials, demonstrating for political causes, and giving money to political candidates

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14
Q

recall

A

the method of removing elected officials from office before the end of their terms, by citizens

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15
Q

standard socioeconomic model

A

participation chiefly refers to education, income and occupation

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16
Q

supportive behavior

A

action that expresses allegiance to gov and country

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17
Q

voter turnout

A

the percentage of citizens taking part in the election process, the number of eligible voters that actually turnout on election day to cast their ballots

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18
Q

15th amendment

A

the right of citizens of the US to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the US or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude

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19
Q

26th amendment

A

the right of citizens of the US who are 18 yrs. of age, or older, to vote, shall not be denied or abridged by the US or any state on account of age

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20
Q

provide examples of unconventional participation

A

young people, students and those with grave concerns about a regime’s policies are most likely to engage in unconventional participation. EX: signing petitions, supporting boycotts, and staging demonstrations and protests

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21
Q

what does a practical test of whether or not a gov is democratic consist of

A

if there’s not a lot of protest our gov is working

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22
Q

citizen’s mobilization to stop the construction of a nuclear waste facility near their homes would be an example of the ___________ phenomenon

A

NIMY is not in my backyard

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23
Q

to whom did the framers of the constitution leave the issue of voter enfranchisement to

A

they left it to the state

24
Q

what did a 2013 supreme court decision regarding the voting rights act allow numerous states to do

A

the supreme court struck down a formula at the heart of the voting rights act. now voters who are discriminated against bear the burden of proving they are disenfranchised.

25
Q

the typical procedure for an initiative requires petitions how many signatures of the number of registered voters in a state

A

5-10%

26
Q

what are some characteristics frequently associated with non voters

A

low education, low income, and being relatively young

27
Q

of all the social and economic variables affecting political participation _________ is the strongest single factor

A

education

28
Q

closed primaries

A

some people favor the closed primary, they say that it prevents members of one party from crossing over into the other party’s primary to vote for weak candidates

29
Q

federal election commission FEC

A

enforces campaign finance laws, for 2020 total spending equated to 14 billion dollars

30
Q

general election

A

an election where all the party winners of the primary election run against each other. all registered voters are allowed to vote in a general election

31
Q

primary election

A

election in which voters choose the candidates from each party who will run in the general election

32
Q

open primaries

A

voters may choose privately in which primary to vote, in other words, voters may choose which party’s ballot to vote on, but this decision is private and does not register the voter with that party

33
Q

Presidental primary

A

a process by which a party chose their strongest candidate

34
Q

split ticket

A

voting for candidates of different parties for different offices at the same election

35
Q

straight ticket

A

voting for candidates of only one party in an election

36
Q

according to the text, why do American presidential election seems to last so long

A

they are consistently held every 4 years

37
Q

why does the new Hampshire presidential primary gather the lion’s share of political and media attention

A

is the first one to occur each election year

38
Q

majority representation

A

the system by which one office, contested by 2 or more candidates is won by the single candidate who collects the most votes

39
Q

national committee

A

a committee of a political party composed of party chairpersons and party officials from every state

40
Q

national convention

A

known as a new method for the nomination presidential candidates, a gathering of a single political party from across the country to choose candidates for president and vice president and to adopt a party platform

41
Q

party identification

A

a voter’s sense of psychological attachment to a party

42
Q

political party

A

an organization that sponsors candidates for political office under the organization name

43
Q

proportional representation

A

the system by which legislative seats are awarded to a party in proportion to the vote that party wins in an election

44
Q

responsible party gov

A

a set of principles form realizing the ideal role of parties in a majoritarian democracy

45
Q

does the constitution discuss parties

A

the US Constitution says nothing about political parties. only 1/3 of party candidate has won the presidential election. in a one-party system, the party and the gov are nearly the thing

46
Q

why did black Americans shifted significantly to the democratic party in the 1960

A

democratic party support for civil rights legislation

47
Q

what percentage of all Americans adopt their parents party

A

50%

48
Q

discuss the functions served by political parties in today’s political system

A

nominate candidates to rally their supporters, participate in gov act as a bonding agent, for their own officeholders, and act as a watchdog over the other party

49
Q

by national law _____ of the seats in the house of representatives and ______ of the seats in the senate are filled in a general election held every even-numbered year

A

all; 1/3

50
Q

how many votes does each state have in the electoral college

A

one vote

51
Q

how many votes are needed to win the electoral college

A

total: 538 electoral votes. at least 270 electoral votes to win

52
Q

what percent of the incumbents in the house of representatives historically have won elections

A

90%

53
Q

what are the responsibilities of the federal election commission FEC

A

administers and enforces campaign finance laws its duties include overseeing disclosure of campaign finance info and public funding of presidential elections, enforcing contribution limits

54
Q

campaign finance laws are challenged as a violation of the _____ amendment

A

first

55
Q

beginning with the 2010 election, what supreme court case allows corporations to run ads directly advocating a candidate’s election

A

the supreme court issued a ruling in citizens united vs federal election commission overruling an earlier decision

government exam 1 chpt 1,2,3 (4 decks)

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