Gout

Question 1

What are the risk factors for hyperuricemia?

Answer 1

male, >50, pacific islander, family history
serum uric acid >6
obesity, HTN, excess alcohol, high meat diet

Question 2

What are the causes of overproduction of uric acid?

Answer 2

increased breakdown of tissue nucleic acids due to increase cell turnover.
congenital abnormality in enzymes that regulate purine metabolism.
High dietary purine intake alone would not increase serum uric acid.

Question 3

What are the causes of underexcretion of uric acid?

Answer 3

chronic kidney disease

diuretics

Question 4

What is the maximum excretion of urate?

Answer 4

10%

Question 5

What drugs can induce hyperuricemia?

Answer 5

thiazide diuretic, ethanol, cytotoxic, cyclosporine, nicotinic acid, salicylates, pyrazinamide, levodopa

Question 6

What are some provoking factors?

Answer 6

rapid reduction of serum uric acid, stress, trauma, surgery, infection, overindulgence, alcohol

Question 7

What are the clinical presentations?

Answer 7

pain, erythema, inflammation of the metatarsophalangeal joint