Gotchas

Question 1

Genu valgum

Answer 1

knock knees

Question 2

Genu varum

Answer 2

bow legged

Question 3

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Answer 3

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis primarily affects the hip joint, not the knees. It usually manifests as pain in the hip, groin, or knee and a limp.

Question 4

HTN screening in kids

Answer 4

Every visit if they have HTN risk factors

Question 5

aphthous ulcers

Answer 5

also known as canker sores, are characterized by painful, gray ulcerations with surrounding erythema

Question 6

ADHD Dx

Answer 6

Interferes with social / school
Symptoms 6 months
Six defined specific symptoms

Question 7

Most common pneumonia pathogen all age groups

Answer 7

Strep pneumonaie

Question 8

Osteosarcoma

Answer 8

pain in a long bone, loss of function, a tender mass, or a limp

Question 9

Another test for PCOS

Answer 9

LH

Question 10

Suspect B12 def. anemia (megoblastic anemia) in:

Answer 10

Vegan
Gastric bypass
Crohn’s
PPI overuse
Metformin use

Question 11

scrotal mass that doesn’t transilluminate

Answer 11

Ultrasound, then refer for further testing if suspected tumor

Question 12

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Answer 12

most commonly seen in adolescents at the time of the growth spurt
Obesity is a significant risk factor
dull, aching knee, thigh, or groin pain and altered gait.
Physical activity aggravates the pain. externally rotated lower extremity, decreased range of motion at the hip, and abnormal gait. Physical exam of the knee is often normal.

Question 13

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease

Answer 13

avascular necrosis of the hip. It typically presents in children 4–8 years old. Children present with hip pain and a limp with insidious onset.

Question 14

Dx Crohn v UC

Answer 14

Colonoscopy is only test

Question 15

Contemplation stage of change

Answer 15

Open to the idea, giving it thought but no action (not even preparation)

Question 16

Tension headache

Answer 16

primary headache that present with bilateral, non throbbing pressure and pain of mild to moderate intensity, typically without other associated symptoms.
-Nsaids then TCAs

Question 17

Keratitis key info

Answer 17

Over/improper use of contact lenses

Question 18

Blepharitis

Answer 18

nflammation of the eyelid margin, resulting in a red, swollen, and often itchy eyelid.

Question 19

Confirm Celiac Dx

Answer 19

Duodenal endoscopy with biopsy

Question 20

Malaria prophylaxis

Answer 20

atovaquone-proguanil (Malarone)

Question 21

Most common causes of ED

Answer 21

DM
HTN
Psych

Question 22

Exposure to aquatic creatures can result in this bacterial infection -

Answer 22

Salmonella

Question 23

Mid systolic click

Answer 23

MVP

Question 24

Radiate to axilla

Answer 24

Mitral Regurg or Mitral Stenosis

Question 25

Radiate to neck

Answer 25

Aortic

Question 26

EKG changes and history of HTN or HF

Answer 26

AMI Diuretic induced hypokalemia ACE-I induced hyperkalemia

Question 27

U Waves on EKG

Answer 27

Hypokalemia

Question 28

Liver disease / ascites diet

Answer 28

Sodium restriciton <2g per day

Question 29

Cirrhosis and varicies

Answer 29

Nadolol or other non-selective beta blocker to reduce portal venous flow

Question 30

Increase risk of fracture in elderly

Answer 30

PPI overuse

Question 31

Pain in hip that spreads to thigh after activity

Answer 31

Bursisits - pain elicited with external rotation and resisted abduction of the hip

Question 32

Anal fissure TX

Answer 32

Lidocaine gel Consider laxatives

Question 33

Vitamin D for patients at mod to high risk

Answer 33

800 - 1,000

Question 34

gastroparesis

Answer 34

delayed gastric emptying without a mechanical obstruction. -nausea, vomiting, bloating, belching, early satiety, and upper abdominal pain.

Question 35

feeling of food sticking in his throat after he eats solid foods, but he has no issues with liquids or soft foods

Answer 35

Esophagus stricture due to GERD

Question 36

Wet v Dry macular degeneration

Answer 36

Wet - rapid centrol vision loss Dry - Slow loss of both far and near

Question 37

esophageal carcinoma

Answer 37

Dysphagia, odynophagia, and weight loss

Question 38

When to test uric acid

Answer 38

2 weeks after a flare to establish a baseline

Question 39

FEV1 Results

Answer 39

>80 = mild 50-80 = moderate <50 = severe

Question 40

AAA Screening

Answer 40

Age 65-75 males who ever smoked

Question 41

Haemophilus ducreyi

Answer 41

STI that causes chancroid, reportable

Question 42

Bacterial Sinusiitis TX

Answer 42

Augmentin (1st) Doxycycline (2nd)

Question 43

MRSA Skin infection TX

Answer 43

Bactrim, Clinda, Doxy Linezoild is another option

Question 44

Folliculitis Tx

Answer 44

Benzoyl

Question 45

Fibromyalgia Tx

Answer 45

CELF + Exercise Cymbalta, Elavil, Lyrica, Fluoxetine

Question 46

Lichen Sclerous

Answer 46

white , thin patches that are itchy and painful. Usually in the vulva area. This is the one time you can use potent steroid cream in the genital area - clobetasol

Question 47

Lichen simplex chronicus

Answer 47

hypertrophic (scaly and thick) skin that is dry, itchy. Result of itch-scratch-itch-scratch cycle. Treat with topical steroids.

Question 48

Lichen planus

Answer 48

autoimmune disorder of skin. purpleish, itchy, flat topped bumps. May also be pink and can be in mouth. Itchy, burning, sore. Treat with topical steroid.

Question 49

Common papilledema symptom description

Answer 49

Papilledema is described as a sudden onset of vision changes, including blurred or double vision, flickering, and loss of vision lasting seconds at a time

Question 50

Thiazides are good for what co-morbid?

Answer 50

Osteoporosis

Question 51

Metamorphopsia

Answer 51

Lines in vision appear bent - associated with macular degeneration

Question 52

Scotoma

Answer 52

blind or dark spots in central vision - associated with macular degenration

Question 53

Long Term Synthroid use complications

Answer 53

Osteoporosis Glycemic Control Folate Def.

Question 54

leading cause of infant mortality between ages 1 month and 1 year in the United States

Answer 54

SIDS

Question 55

HPV Vaccine Adverse Effects

Answer 55

Joint Pain Fever Dizziness

Question 56

Obturator Sign

Answer 56

obturator sign is elicited by internally rotating the right hip while monitoring for right lower quadrant pain. Appendix.

Question 57

Markel Sign

Answer 57

Pain when striking heel / jumping. Appendix.

Question 58

Psoas Sign

Answer 58

Pain when leg is being raised against resistance. Appendix.

Question 59

Blumberg Sign

Answer 59

Rebound tenderness

Question 60

Peds BP variance is due to:

Answer 60

HAG (Height Age Gender). Just like spirometry.