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SMNP Review > Gotchas > Flashcards

Gotchas Flashcards

1
Q

Genu valgum

A

knock knees

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2
Q

Genu varum

A

bow legged

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3
Q

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

A

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis primarily affects the hip joint, not the knees. It usually manifests as pain in the hip, groin, or knee and a limp.

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4
Q

HTN screening in kids

A

Every visit if they have HTN risk factors

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5
Q

aphthous ulcers

A

also known as canker sores, are characterized by painful, gray ulcerations with surrounding erythema

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6
Q

ADHD Dx

A

Interferes with social / school
Symptoms 6 months
Six defined specific symptoms

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7
Q

Most common pneumonia pathogen all age groups

A

Strep pneumonaie

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8
Q

Osteosarcoma

A

pain in a long bone, loss of function, a tender mass, or a limp

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9
Q

Another test for PCOS

A

LH

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10
Q

Suspect B12 def. anemia (megoblastic anemia) in:

A

Vegan
Gastric bypass
Crohn’s
PPI overuse
Metformin use

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11
Q

scrotal mass that doesn’t transilluminate

A

Ultrasound, then refer for further testing if suspected tumor

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12
Q

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

A

most commonly seen in adolescents at the time of the growth spurt
Obesity is a significant risk factor
dull, aching knee, thigh, or groin pain and altered gait.
Physical activity aggravates the pain. externally rotated lower extremity, decreased range of motion at the hip, and abnormal gait. Physical exam of the knee is often normal.

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13
Q

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease

A

avascular necrosis of the hip. It typically presents in children 4–8 years old. Children present with hip pain and a limp with insidious onset.

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14
Q

Dx Crohn v UC

A

Colonoscopy is only test

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15
Q

Contemplation stage of change

A

Open to the idea, giving it thought but no action (not even preparation)

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16
Q

Tension headache

A

primary headache that present with bilateral, non throbbing pressure and pain of mild to moderate intensity, typically without other associated symptoms.
-Nsaids then TCAs

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17
Q

Keratitis key info

A

Over/improper use of contact lenses

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18
Q

Blepharitis

A

nflammation of the eyelid margin, resulting in a red, swollen, and often itchy eyelid.

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19
Q

Confirm Celiac Dx

A

Duodenal endoscopy with biopsy

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20
Q

Malaria prophylaxis

A

atovaquone-proguanil (Malarone)

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21
Q

Most common causes of ED

A

DM
HTN
Psych

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22
Q

Exposure to aquatic creatures can result in this bacterial infection -

A

Salmonella

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23
Q

Mid systolic click

A

MVP

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24
Q

Radiate to axilla

A

Mitral Regurg or Mitral Stenosis

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25
Q

Radiate to neck

A

Aortic

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26
Q

EKG changes and history of HTN or HF

A

AMI
Diuretic induced hypokalemia
ACE-I induced hyperkalemia

27
Q

U Waves on EKG

A

Hypokalemia

28
Q

Liver disease / ascites diet

A

Sodium restriciton <2g per day

29
Q

Cirrhosis and varicies

A

Nadolol or other non-selective beta blocker to reduce portal venous flow

30
Q

Increase risk of fracture in elderly

A

PPI overuse

31
Q

Pain in hip that spreads to thigh after activity

A

Bursisits - pain elicited with external rotation and resisted abduction of the hip

32
Q

Anal fissure TX

A

Lidocaine gel
Consider laxatives

33
Q

Vitamin D for patients at mod to high risk

A

800 - 1,000

34
Q

gastroparesis

A

delayed gastric emptying without a mechanical obstruction.
-nausea, vomiting, bloating, belching, early satiety, and upper abdominal pain.

35
Q

feeling of food sticking in his throat after he eats solid foods, but he has no issues with liquids or soft foods

A

Esophagus stricture due to GERD

36
Q

Wet v Dry macular degeneration

A

Wet - rapid centrol vision loss
Dry - Slow loss of both far and near

37
Q

esophageal carcinoma

A

Dysphagia, odynophagia, and weight loss

38
Q

When to test uric acid

A

2 weeks after a flare to establish a baseline

39
Q

FEV1 Results

A

> 80 = mild
50-80 = moderate
<50 = severe

40
Q

AAA Screening

A

Age 65-75 males who ever smoked

41
Q

Haemophilus ducreyi

A

STI that causes chancroid, reportable

42
Q

Bacterial Sinusiitis TX

A

Augmentin (1st)
Doxycycline (2nd)

43
Q

MRSA Skin infection TX

A

Bactrim, Clinda, Doxy
Linezoild is another option

44
Q

Folliculitis Tx

A

Benzoyl

45
Q

Fibromyalgia Tx

A

CELF + Exercise
Cymbalta, Elavil, Lyrica, Fluoxetine

46
Q

Lichen Sclerous

A

white , thin patches that are itchy and painful. Usually in the vulva area. This is the one time you can use potent steroid cream in the genital area - clobetasol

47
Q

Lichen simplex chronicus

A

hypertrophic (scaly and thick) skin that is dry, itchy. Result of itch-scratch-itch-scratch cycle. Treat with topical steroids.

48
Q

Lichen planus

A

autoimmune disorder of skin. purpleish, itchy, flat topped bumps. May also be pink and can be in mouth. Itchy, burning, sore. Treat with topical steroid.

49
Q

Common papilledema symptom description

A

Papilledema is described as a sudden onset of vision changes, including blurred or double vision, flickering, and loss of vision lasting seconds at a time

50
Q

Thiazides are good for what co-morbid?

A

Osteoporosis

51
Q

Metamorphopsia

A

Lines in vision appear bent - associated with macular degeneration

52
Q

Scotoma

A

blind or dark spots in central vision - associated with macular degenration

53
Q

Long Term Synthroid use complications

A

Osteoporosis
Glycemic Control
Folate Def.

54
Q

leading cause of infant mortality between ages 1 month and 1 year in the United States

A

SIDS

55
Q

HPV Vaccine Adverse Effects

A

Joint Pain
Fever
Dizziness

56
Q

Obturator Sign

A

obturator sign is elicited by internally rotating the right hip while monitoring for right lower quadrant pain. Appendix.

57
Q

Markel Sign

A

Pain when striking heel / jumping. Appendix.

58
Q

Psoas Sign

A

Pain when leg is being raised against resistance. Appendix.

59
Q

Blumberg Sign

A

Rebound tenderness

60
Q

Peds BP variance is due to:

A

HAG (Height Age Gender). Just like spirometry.

61
Q
A
61
Q
A
62
Q
A

SMNP Review (8 decks)

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