GORD and PUD Flashcards
describe the process of gastic acid secretion in the stomach
Parietal Cells (found in the stomach lining) are responsible for secreting hydrochloric acid (HCl).
The proton pump (H+/K+ ATPase) in parietal cells exchanges potassium (K+) for protons (H+), actively pumping H+ into the stomach lumen.
Histamine, released from ECL cells (enterchromaffin-like cells), binds to H2 receptors on parietal cells, further stimulating acid production.
Acetylcholine (ACh) and gastrin also enhance the proton pump activity to secrete more acid.
When the stomach pH becomes very low (acidic), somatostatin is released, inhibiting further acid production.
The release of gastrin is also inhibited when the stomach’s pH drops too low, thus preventing excess acid secretion.
name some hormones involved in the inhibition of gastric acid
Somatostatin: Inhibits acid secretion by acting on the parietal cells and G cells. It is released by D cells in response to low pH in the stomach.
Prostaglandins: Have a protective role, reducing acid secretion and promoting the production of mucous and bicarbonate to protect the stomach lining.
Secretin and CCK:these are released in response to chyme entering the small intestine and work to reduce gastric acid secretion to prevent damage to the small intestine
what does misoprotol do
remeber it is a mucosal protective agent
Stimulates mucus & bicarbonate
secretion, thererfore Enhancing mucosal blood flow
Promotes local cell regeneration
◼ Approved for prevention of NSAID induced gastric ulcers
Not so popular as P.P.I are more effective & better tolerated
