Goniometry Flashcards
Cervical flexion ROM
45-50 degrees
fulcrum for cervical flexion and extension
external aud. meatus
stat. arm for cerv. flxn/ext
perp. to floor
moving arm for cerv. flexion/ext
base of nares
Cerv. extension
45-60 degrees
Cervical side bend
45 degrees
fulcrum for cerv. side bend
C7
prox/stat. arm for measuring cerv. side bend
thoracic SPs
dist/moving arm for measuring cerv. sidebend
midline of occiput
Cerv. rotation
60-80 degrees
fulcrum for cerv. rot.
center of cranium (from above)
stat. arm for cerv. rot.
in line with acromion processes
moving arm for cerv. rotation
in line with tip of nose
thoracolumbar flexion
10 cm combined, thoracic only= 3-4 cm, lumbar only= 6-7 cm
how do u measure thoracolumbar flexion?
measure distance from S2 to C7 in neutral standing, then have pt bend forward to touch toes (stop them b4 anterior pelvic tilt starts) measure again
How do u measure lumbar flexion/ext?
mark S2, measure 15 cm up and mark again, flex or extend, measure distance between marks again.
how do u measure thoracolumbar extension?
measure from S2 to C7 as pt stands and extends back without posterior pelvic tilt
thoracolumbar extension
5 cm
lumbar extension
1.6 cm
thoracolumbar side bend
35 degrees or 22 cm or greater difference from standing to bent over
how to measure thoracolumbar side bend
pt slides their hand down the side of their leg. can also measure from fingertips to floor on each side to compare bilaterally
fulcrum to measure TL sidebend
L1
stat. arm for measuring TL sidebend
perp. to floor
moving arm for measuring TL sidebend
C7
TL rotation
45 degrees
pt position for TL rotation measure
sitting, 90,90
fulcrum for TL rotation
center of head
stat. arm for TL rotation
in line with iliac crests
moving arm for TL rotation
in line with acromions
shoulder flexion
180
fulcrum for shoulder flexion
greater tuberacle
stat. arm for shoulder flexion, extension and abduction
midline of thorax
moving arm for shoulder flexion, extension and abduction
midline of humerus
shoulder abduction
180 degrees
substitution for shoulder flexion
thoracic extension
substitution for shoulder abduction
thoracic side bend
shoulder extension
60 degrees
pt position for shoulder extension
prone
shoulder IR
70 degrees
another way to measure shoulder IR
reaches arm behind back to touch T11
how to measure shoulder IR
pt supine, shoulder abducted to 90, let arm fall-palm down
substitution for shoulder IR
shoulder hike
fulcrum for measuring shoulder IR/ER
olecranon process
stat. arm for measuring shoulder IR/ER
perp. to floor
moving arm for measuring shoulder IR/ER
ulnar styloid process, midline of ulna
shoulder ER
90 degrees
another way to measure shoulder ER
reach back OH to T3
Elbow flexion
150 degrees
fulcrum for measuring elbow flexn
lateral epicondyle
stat. arm for measuring elbow flexion/ext.
midline of humerus, greater tub.
distal arm for measuring elbow flexion/ext.
radial styloid process, midline of radius
elbow ext
0 degrees
forearm pronation
80 degrees
arms for measuring pronation/supination
stat: in line with ant. humerus, moving: line between styloid processes of wrist
fulcrum for measuring pronation
lateral and superior to ulnar styloid process
fulcrum for measuring supination
medial and superior to ulnar styloid process
wrist flexion
80 degrees
wrist extension
70 degrees
fulcrum for wrist flex/ext.
triquetrum
stat. arm for wrist flex/ext
midline of ulna
moving arm wrist flex/ext
in line with 5th metacarpal
ulnar deviation
30 degrees
radial deviation
20 degrees
fulcrum for wrist flex/ext
capitate
stat. arm for wrist flex/ext
midline of radius
moving arm for wrist flex/ext
in line with 3rd metacarpal
MCP flex
90
MCP ext
45
MCP abduction
?
CMC flex
15 degrees
CMC ext
20
CMC abduction
70
CMC opposition
touch pad of thumb to pad of pinky
fulcrum for measuring all fingers
the MCP or the CMC of the finger ur measuring
stat. arm for all MCP joints
in line with the metacarpal
moving arm for all MCP joints
proximal phalanx
stat. arm for all CMC joints
in line with radius
moving arm for all CMC joints
first metacarpal