Gold/Blue

Question 1

Diagnosis: abnormal tracking of the patella between femoral condyles.
Etiology: unknown, common during adolescence (more in females due to increased Q angle)
Clinical presentation: anterior knee pain, following increased activity. located behind patella. In sitting pt may experience burning feeling.

Answer 1

Patellofemoral Syndrome.

Question 2

Managment of patellofemoral syndrome

Answer 2

LE strengthening/flexibility exercises. Ex: patella glides, foot orthoses & patella taping. Keep the knee from moving inward while squatting. Avoid things that increase pain such as deep squats, climbing stairs, and kneeling

Question 3

Diagnosis: loss of ROM in active and passive shoulder motion due to soft tissue contracture (limitation of the glenohumeral motion)
Etiology: related to direct injury to the shoulder or may happen insidiously. Primary: is associated with diabetes, thyroid abnormalities, and cardiopulmonary pt’s Secondary: trauma, immobilization, complex regional pain syndrome.
Clinical presentation: characterized by restricted ROM at glenohumeral joint. Acute phase: pain that radiates below elbow&awakens pt at night. Chronic: pain is located around lateral brachial region. PT HAS MOST TROUBLE WITH ABDUCTION&LATERAL ROT.

Answer 3

Adhesive Capsulitis

Question 4

Managment of adhesive capsulitis

Answer 4

increasing ROM with glenohumeral mobs. ROM exercises. avoid overstretching and increasing pain.

Question 5

Diagnosis: irritation/inflammation of the common extensor mm’s
Etiology: repetitive wrist extension and supination.
Clinical presentation: pain along the lateral aspect of the elbow, radiates into the dorsum of the hand.

Answer 5

Lateral epicondylitis

Question 6

Managment of lateral epicondylitis

Answer 6

PRICE, NSAIDs, activity modification, PT should increase strength, flexibility, endurance, of wrist extensors.

Question 7

Diagnosis: chronic degenerative disease due to a breakdown of articular cartilage. (excessive wear and tear).
Etiology: primary is related to aging secondary results from predisposing condition (trauma)
Clinical presentation: decreased ROM, deep aching joint pain.

Answer 7

Osteoarthritis

Question 7

Treatment for osteoarthritis

Answer 7

reduce pain, promote joint function, and protect joint. NSADs and corticosteroids may be used, goal is to improve lubrication of joints of knee, reduce pain, and improve ROM.

Question 8

Lateral curvature of the spine. usually found in the thoracic or lumbar vertebrae. associated with kyphosis or lordosis. rotation of the spine may or may not occur.
Types: idiopathic(unknown/most common), nonstructural(reversable, that can be changed with positioning (due to bad posture), Structural-cannot be corrected, caused by congenital factors, musculoskeletal, and neuromuscular reasons.
Clinical presentation: asymmetries (uneven) shoulders, pelvis, scaps, and skinfolds, one side rip cage hump.

Answer 8

Scoliosis

Question 8

Management of scoliosis

Answer 8

E-stim, breathing exercises, trunk and pelvic strengthening exercises.

Question 9

scoliosis greater than _______ requires spinal orthosis

Answer 9

25-40

Question 9

Scoliosis greater than_____ requires surgical spinal stabilization. one method id through spinal fusion and stabilization with a Harrington rod

Answer 9

40

Question 10

Caused by an inability of a weak supraspinatus mm to adequately depress the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa during arm elevation. Who it effects: individuals who participate in excessive overhead activities such as swimming, tennis, baseball, and painting.
Clinical presentation: difficulty with overhead activities, dull ache after activity, weakness and presence of painful arc of motion between 60-120 degrees of active abduction. Pain with palpation of musculotendinous junction of involved mm. Pain increases at night. pt will have difficulty dressing, lifting, reaching throwing…
HINT: also called impingement, bursitis, or biceps tendonitis.

Answer 10

Rotator cuff tendonitis

Question 11

Managment of rotator cuff tendonitis

Answer 11

analgesics & NSAIDs. Acute PT includes cryotherapy, activity modification, ROM and rest. as acute subsides strengthening exercises are initiated. shoulder shrugs and pushups with arms ABD to 90 is used to strengthen upper traps and serratus.

Question 12

rest Diagnosis: results of acute traumatic incident or chronic supraspinatus tendonitis. classified as partial thickness, full thickness, acute, chronic, or degenerative. most commonly involve the supraspinatus tendon. more severe if infraspinatus and subscapularis.
Etiology: intrinsic factors: impaired blood supply to tendon resulting in degeneration, extrinsic factors: trauma, repetitive microtrauma, postural abnormalities.
Clinical presentation: reports pain ion the lateral aspect of the shoulder with radiating pain in the upper arm and deltoid region. partial tearing is more painful but these pt’s are more likely to retain most functional abilities than full tear.

Answer 12

Rotator cuff repair

Question 13

Managment of rotator cuff repair

Answer 13

Analgesics and ant inflammatory medications, older pts will engage in PT. Surgical intervention include subacromial decompression, repair of the torn tendon or both. Acute phase includes cryotherapy, activity modification, ROM, rest gentle isometrics. Progression includes restoration of normal mobility w/ joint mobs, ROM progressive strengthening ex., scap stabilization, postural reeducation.

Question 13

Diagnosis: inflammation of the plantar fascia on the calcaneus
Etiology: excessive pronation during gait, tightness of the foot, obesity.
Clinical presentation: tenderness at insertion, presence of heel spur, pain that is worse in the morning. radiates proximally up calf and /or distally in toes.

Answer 13

Plantar fasciitis

Question 14

Managment of plantar fasciitis

Answer 14

PRICE, NSAIDs and analgesics, soft tissue mobilization, stretching the plantar fascia and gastroc.

Question 15

Diagnosis: a systematic condition that is characterized by inflammation of the spine and larger peripheral joints.