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1
Q

What structure contains the obliterated umbilical artery?

A

medial umbilical fold

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2
Q

Extravasation of urine occurs into the potential space between what?

A

Scarpa’s fascia and the deep fascia

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3
Q

Parasympathetic innervation to the descending colon, sigmoid colon, and the rectum is from what nerve?

A

pelvic splanchnic nerve

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4
Q

ABOVE the arcuate line, the anterior layer of the rectus sheath is composed of the aponeuroses of what muscles?

A

external oblique and internal oblique

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5
Q

BELOW the arcuate line, the transversus abdominis aponeurosis passes anterior to what muscle?

A

rectus abdominis

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6
Q

The left gastroepiploic artery is a branch of what artery?

A

splenic artery

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7
Q

Embryologically, the duodenum is derived exclusively from what?

A

foregut and midgut

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8
Q

What lies immediately posterior to the stomach?

A

lesser sac

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9
Q

What lies immediately anterior to the stomach?

A

greater sac

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10
Q

The ileum contains Peyer’s patches…true or false?

A

TRUE

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11
Q

The tunica vaginalis of the scrotum is derived from what aspect of the anterior abdominal wall?

A

peritoneum

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12
Q

The inguinal ligament is formed by the lower edge of what aponeurosis?

A

external oblique aponeurosis

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13
Q

The most common position for the appendix is?

A

retrocecal

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14
Q

The second most common position for the appendix is?

A

pelvic

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15
Q

The myenteric plexus is found between which two layers of the gut wall?

A

circular and longitudinal layers of muscularis externa

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16
Q

Hepatic segments I-IV are found in what half of the functional liver?

A

left half

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17
Q

Hepatic segments V-VIII are found in what half of the functional liver?

A

right half

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18
Q

The external oblique muscle receives its innervation from the ventral primary rami of which thoracic nerves?

A

lower 6 thoracic nerves

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19
Q

The main pancreatic duct drains what parts of the pancreas?

A

neck, body, tail

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20
Q

The accessory pancreatic duct drains what parts of the pancreas?

A

head, uncinate process

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21
Q

An INDIRECT inguinal hernia occurs medial or lateral to the inferior epigastric artery?

A

lateral

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22
Q

A DIRECT inguinal hernia occurs medial or lateral to the inferior epigastric artery?

A

medial

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23
Q

The liver lies mostly in what 2 regions?

A

right hypochondriac and epigastric regions

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24
Q

Parasympathetic supply to the rectum is from what nerve?

A

Pelvic splanchnic nerve

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25
Sympathetic supply to the descending colon is from what nerve?
Lumbar splanchnic nerve
26
Sympathetic supply to the third part of the duodenum is from what nerve?
LESSER splanchnic nerve
27
Sympathetic supply to the cecum and appendix is from what nerve?
LESSER splanchnic nerve
28
Parasympathetic supply to the jejunum is from what nerve?
Vagus
29
Sympathetic supply to the first part of the duodenum is from with nerve?
GREATER splanchnic nerve
30
What segment of the GI tract absorbs fat soluble vitamins, B12, and bile salts?
ileum
31
What segment of the GI tract is almost purely digestive, little absorption occurs here?
stomach
32
What segment of the GI tract has the largest volume of nutrients absorbed here?
jejunum
33
What segment of the GI tract is where pancreatic enzymes enter?
2nd part of duodenum
34
What segment of the GI tract absorbs mostly water?
ascending colon
35
What segment of the GI tract is the most common site for ulcers distal to the stomach?
1st part of duodenum (duodenal cap)
36
What structure is found in the left hypochondriac region?
spleen
37
What segments of the colon is a retroperitoneal organ?
ascending and descending colon
38
What artery supplies the fundus of the stomach?
short gastric artery
39
Meckel's diverticulum is found in what segment of the GI tract?
distal ileum
40
In order from superficial to deep, names the 5 abdominal layers...
1. Camper's fascia (superficial) 2. Scarpa's fascia 3. deep fascia 4. internal oblique muscle 5. trasversalis fascia (deepest)
41
What structures enter the port hepatis?
common hepatic duct, portal vein, proper portal hepatic artery
42
The cremaster muscle is innervated by which branch of the genitofemoral nerve?
genital branch
43
What inguinal ring is an opening in the external oblique aponeurosis?
superficial inguinal ring = external
44
What inguinal ring is an opening in the internal oblique aponeurosis?
deep inguinal ring = internal
45
The superior rectal vein is a portal or caval tributary of what structures?
portal tributary of rectum and anal canal
46
The left gastric vein is a portal or caval tributary of what structure?
portal tributary of distal esophagus
47
The inferior rectal vein is a portal or caval tributary of what structures?
caval tributary of rectum and anal canal
48
The esophageal vein is a portal or caval tributary of what structure?
caval tributary of distal esophagus
49
What are the 3 subdivisions of the visceral surface of the spleen?
gastric, renal, colic
50
What is the obstructive sign which indicates portal hypertension in the umbilical region?
caput medusae
51
In 30% of gallbladder attacks, pain is referred to what region of the back?
right subscapular
52
What is the structure that accompanies the spermatic cord through the inguinal canal in males, but is not part of it?
ilioinguinal nerve
53
What is the fibromuscular band that connects the right crus of the diaphragm to the duodenojejunal flexure?
suspensory muscle of the duodenum
54
What is the clinical name for an undescended testis?
cryptorchidism
55
Infection of the vagina or uterus can spread to the peritoneal cavity via what?
uterine tubes
56
Herniation of the mucosa of the colon through the muscular layer WITHOUT inflammation is called what?
diverticulosis (diverticulitis = with inflammation)
57
The quadrate lobe of the liver receives blood from left/right branch of what artery?
quadrate = LEFT branch of HEPATIC artery
58
The caudate lobe of the liver receives blood from left/right branch of what artery?
caudate = RIGHT branch of HEPATIC artery
59
Which peritoneum is sensitive to pain? Parietal or Visceral?
``` parietal = sensitive to pain visceral = no sensory innervation ```
60
The external oblique muscle takes its origin from what ribs?
lower 8 ribs
61
The internal oblique muscle receives its innervation from the ventral primary rami of what thoracic/lumbar nerves?
lower 6 thoracic nerves and FIRST lumbar nerve
62
What structures ARE drained by the portal system of veins?
transverse colon, stomach, pancreas, spleen, NOT kidney
63
What is the function of the ileocecal valve?
prevents back flow of feces into the small intestines
64
The seminiferous tubules join the mediastinum testis to form a ring-like structure called what?
Rete Testis
65
The MEDIAL umbilical fold contains what?
obliterated umbilical artery (obliterated umbilical VEIN is within Ligamentum Teres...Urachus is found within Median Umbilical Fold)
66
The longitudinal depression lateral to the ascending colon is called what?
right paracolic gutter
67
Perforation of a duodenal ulcer frequently results in erosion of what artery?
gastroduodenal artery
68
A condition in infants which food does not pass easily through the pyloric canal, which is characterized by NO increase in size of the pyloric sphincter is called what?
pylorospasm (WITH an increase = congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis)
69
Peyer's patches are found in what part of the GI tract?
ileum
70
Rugae are found in what part of the GI tract?
stomach
71
Brunner's glands are found in what part of the GI tract?
duodenum
72
Tall, abundant plicae circulares are found in what part of the GI tract?
jejunum
73
Teniae coli are found in what part of the GI tract?
ascending colon
74
Meckel's diverticulum is found in what part of the GI tract?
ileum
75
Which rectal vein is the portal tributary that participates in the portal-cabal anastomosis around the rectum?
SUPERIOR rectal vein
76
The pathological condition of the bowel characterized radiographically as a "cobblestone" appearance is known as what?
Crohn's diesase
77
The abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity is called what?
Ascites

G2E4 (3 decks)

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