Gods

Question 1

Zeus

Answer 1

God of: thunder, lightning, justice, natural order

attributes: eagle, oak tree, lightning bolt, royal scepter
sanctuaries: Olympia, Dodona

Question 2

Hera

Answer 2

God of: marriage, general women’s life

attributes: scepter, crown, peacock
sanctuaries: Samos, Argos

Question 3

Poseidon

Answer 3

God of: the sea, storms, earthquakes, horses

attributes: trident, horses, dolphins
sanctuaries: Corinth, Cape Sounion

Question 4

Aphrodite

Answer 4

God of: love, sexual desire, beauty

attributes: myrtle tree, rose, dove, swan
sanctuaries: Cyprus, Cnidus, Cythera

Question 5

Ares

Answer 5

God of: war, bloodlust, slaughter, military power

attributes: dog, weapons, vulture
sanctuaries: Sparta, Aeropagus

Question 6

Hephastus

Answer 6

God of: crafting, blacksmiths, metalworking, sculptures

attributes: smith’s tools
sanctuaries: Lemnos, Sicily

Question 7

Demeter

Answer 7

God of: farming/harvesting, crops, grain, bread

attributes: cornucopia, wheat, torch
sanctuaries: Eleusis

Question 8

Dionysus

Answer 8

God of: Grapes/wine, drunkenness, ecstasy, insanity, theater

attributes: grapes, leopards, satyrs, thyrsus staff
sanctuaries: Thebes

Question 9

Athena

Answer 9

God of: wisdom, battle strategy, handicrafts, heroes

attributes: owl, weapons, olive tree, Aegis (snake cape)
sanctuaries: Athens, Sparta

Question 10

Hermes

Answer 10

God of: trade/commerce, merchants, thieves, travelers/messengers

attributes: Caduceus, tortoise, ram, winged hat or sandals
sanctuaries: Mount Cyllene

Question 11

Apollo

Answer 11

God of: music/poetry, archery, plague/medicine, the sun

attributes: bow, lyre, laurel tree, tripod
sanctuaries: Delphi, Delos, Cumae

Question 12

Artemis

Answer 12

God of: hunting, wild animals, the moon, virginity, childbirth

attributes: bow, deer, crescent moon
sanctuaries: Brauron, Ephesus

Question 13

Hades

Answer 13

God of: death/the dead, the underworld

attributes: Cerberus, Scepter/Bident
sanctuaries: Elis, Lake Avernus

Question 14

difference between Eros and Cupid

Answer 14

Eros is depicted as a teenager, Cupid is the Roman adaptation of Eros, & is depicted as a baby

Question 15

what festivals are related to worshipping Demeter?

Answer 15

Proerosia: means “before plowing”
Haloa: women-only festival that is done to ensure a good harvest after planting seeds
Thesmophoria: women-only festival meant to celebrate fertility, included harvesting crops and sacrificing pigs

Question 16

what are the Eleusinian mysteries?

Answer 16

highly secretive initiations into the cult of Demeter & Persephone. Rituals were based around the idea of going to the underworld, gaining some knowledge, and returning.

Question 17

what are some main concepts associated with Dionysus cult worship?

Answer 17

spiritual release through music/dance/intoxication, and sacrifice by dismemberment

Question 18

how did Athena get patronage of Athens?

Answer 18

she win a contest with Poseidon, where they both offered divine gifts to the king of Athens, she offered an olive tree, and Poseidon offered a saltwater spring (or a horse)

Question 19

what are Hermai?

Answer 19

road markers inspired by Hermes that are meant to protect travellers

Question 20

what is Brauron?

Answer 20

Athenian ritual for young girls meant to symbolize transition into adulthood. Children would go out in the woods for a week, where they would give up all their toys, and dress/act like bears to honour Artemis.

Question 21

what is Orthia?

Answer 21

ritual for young men that initiated them into the spartan military, and included flagellation & blood letting to honour Artemis