Goal setting Flashcards
Reasons for Goal Setting
Goal setting can develop positive self-perception and reduce anxiety
The correct use of goal setting can improve the confidence and increase the motivation level of an athlete
Effective goal setting encourages commitment to an active, healthy and balanced lifestyle
As a guide to the correct implementation of goal setting, the SMART principle is important
SMART goal setting
Specific - eg to improve my PB in 100m freestyle
Measurable eg for PB to be 58.3s
Achievable eg currently 59.5s so not too much improvement
Recorded eg written down
Time Phased eg improve my PB within 8 weeks at specific meet
A performer can use data to help ensure the goals meet these principles
Time based goals
Long-term Goals An ultimate aim which may take an extended period of time to achieve
If set on their own, may be daunting to the performer causing increased anxiety
When set in isolation do not improve performance
Medium-Term Goals Occur during the short-term goal sequence
Improve access to long-term goals, endorse short-term goals and are significant improvement indicators.
Short Term Goals Give immediate success - set at the level of the performers existing capability
Set in a sequence that becomes more difficult
Can provide immediate success
Activity based goals
Performance Goals
Based on judgements of previous performances e.g. a batter in cricket will try to improve upon last season’s runs average
Process Goals
Concerned with improving techniques for a better performance, e.g. the batter in cricket may work upon improving footwork during shot execution
Product or outcome Goals
Product (outcome) goals involve defeating other competitors and are concerned with winning outcomes. Often externally controlled, e.g. winning a tennis tournament.
Effect of goal setting on performance
Goal Setting Affects Performance
By directing attention
By regulating the amount of effort that is put into a task
Ensuring effort is sustained until the goal is reached
By motivating people to develop a variety of strategies to reach their goals
Impacts of Goal setting on Participation or Performance
Goal setting is important because:
It can motivate and encourage you to participate or strive for better performances or personal bests
It can increase confidence, self esteem, self efficacy and encourage mastery orientation
It can encourage persistence or sticking to the task and not giving-up (exercise adherence)
It can give direction, focus, an end product to aim for and concentration
It can help to control anxiety, stress or arousal
It can help to develop skills, strategies and tactics
Measured goals can give evidence of improvement, gives reward and positive reinforcement
Shared Goal Setting
Goals set through negotiation and agreement are far more effective than externally set goals
The participant will have a sense of ownership over the goal setting and will be better motivated to achieve.
Goal setting is also likely to be fairer and more realistic if all parties involved have an input
