GMAT 10

Question 1

gin·gi·vi·tis

noun

\ˌjin-jə-ˈvī-təs\

Answer 1

n.齿龈炎

Question 2

gir·dle

noun

\ˈgər-d^əl\

Answer 2

1. N-COUNT (女子的）紧身褡，束腹紧身衣 A girdle is a piece of women’s underwear that fits tightly around the stomach and hips.
2. VERB 围绕；环绕 If one thing girdles another, it surrounds it.
   Weather satellites have observed a ring of volcanic ash girdling the earth…
   气象卫星观测到一个环绕地球的火山灰带。
   The old town centre is girdled by a boulevard lined with trees.
   一条林阴大道环绕古城的中心。

<drew a handkerchief from the girdle around her waist and offered it to the knight as a token of affection>

Question 3

give rise to

Answer 3

引起， 导致

Question 4

give way to

Answer 4

让路，让步

Question 5

gla·cier

noun

\ˈglā-shər\

Answer 5

1. N-COUNT 冰川；冰河 A glacier is an extremely large mass of ice which moves very slowly, often down a mountain valley.

Question 6

gland

noun

\ˈgland\

Answer 6

1. N-COUNT 腺 A gland is an organ in the body which produces chemical substances for the body to use or get rid of.
   …the hormones secreted by our endocrine glands.
   人体内分泌腺分泌的荷尔蒙
   …sweat glands.
   汗腺

— gland·less \ˈgland-ləs\ adjective

Question 7

glean

verb

\ˈglēn\

Answer 7

1. VERB 耐心学习，仔细收集（信息、知识等） If you glean something such as information or knowledge, you learn or collect it slowly and patiently, and perhaps indirectly.
   At present we’re gleaning information from all sources…
   目前，我们正从各种渠道收集信息。
   10,000 pages of evidence were gleaned from hundreds and hundreds of interviews.
   从无数次的采访中收集到了长达一万页的证据。

— glean·able \ˈglē-nə-bəl\ adjective
— glean·er noun

Question 8

glut

verb

\ˈglət\

Answer 8

1. N-COUNT 供过于求；供应过剩 If there is a glut of something, there is so much of it that it cannot all be sold or used.
   There’s a glut of agricultural products in Western Europe.
   西欧的农产品供过于求。
   …a world oil glut.
   全球石油供应过剩
2. VERB 充斥；使供应过剩 If a market is glutted with something, there is a glut of that thing.
   The region is glutted with hospitals…
   该地区的医院数量已经饱和。
   Soldiers returning from the war had glutted the job market. 从战场返乡的士兵挤爆了劳动力市场。

Question 9

glyc·er·ol

noun

\ˈgli-sə-ˌrȯl\

Answer 9

n.甘油，丙三醇

Question 10

GNP

Question 11

go·ril·la

noun

\gə-ˈri-lə\

Answer 11

1. N-COUNT 大猩猩 A gorilla is a very large ape. It has long arms, black fur, and a black face.

She hired some gorilla as her bodyguard.

<the loan shark sent a couple of gorillas to “convince” him to pay up>

Question 12

gour·met

noun

\ˈgu̇r-ˌmā\

Answer 12

1. ADJ 珍馐的；美味佳肴的 Gourmet food is nicer or more unusual or sophisticated than ordinary food, and is often more expensive.
   Flavored coffee is sold at gourmet food stores and coffee shops…
   花式咖啡可在美食店和咖啡店买到。
   The couple share a love of gourmet cooking.
   这夫妇俩都有烹饪美食的嗜好。
2. N-COUNT 美食家；讲究饮食的人;老饕 A gourmet is someone who enjoys good food, and who knows a lot about food and wine.

— gourmet adjective

<food critics have to be gourmets in order to write about food in an informed way>

Question 13

government intervention

Answer 13

政府干预

Question 14

grade-school

Answer 14

adj. 未满学龄的，就学前的
n. 育幼院，幼儿园

Question 15

gra·di·ent

noun

\ˈgrā-dē-ənt\

Answer 15

1. N-COUNT 斜坡；坡度；倾斜度 A gradient is a slope, or the degree to which the ground slopes.
   …a gradient of 1 in 3…
   1比3的倾斜度
   The courses are long and punishing, with steep gradients.
   这些赛道既长又有陡坡，极具挑战性。
   in AM, usually use 美国英语通常用 grade
2. N-COUNT 变化率 The gradient of a graph or series of measurements is the rate at which one set of amounts changes in relation to another.

<the path goes up at a pretty steep gradient before leveling off>

Question 16

grad·u·al

noun, often capitalized

\ˈgra-jə-wəl\

Answer 16

1. ADJ-GRADED 逐渐的；逐步的 A gradual change or process occurs in small stages over a long period of time, rather than suddenly.
   Losing weight is a slow, gradual process…
   减肥是一个缓慢而渐进的过程。
   You can expect her progress at school to be gradual rather than brilliant.
   你可以指望她在学习上循序渐进，但别指望她突飞猛进。

Question 17

gran·dil·o·quence

noun

\gran-ˈdi-lə-kwən(t)s\

Answer 17

1. ADJ-GRADED 一本正经的；卖弄词藻的；夸张的；做作的 Grandiloquent language or behaviour is very formal, literary, or exaggerated, and is used by people when they want to seem important.
   She attacked her colleagues for indulging in ‘grandiose and grandiloquent language’.
   她抨击同事“言辞浮夸做作”。

— gran·dil·o·quent -kwənt\ adjective
— gran·dil·o·quent·ly adverb

Question 18

gran·di·ose

adj

\ˈgran-dē-ˌōs\

Answer 18

n.雄伟， 壮观

— gran·di·ose·ly adverb
— gran·di·ose·ness noun
— gran·di·os·i·ty \ˌgran-dē-ˈä-sə-tē\ noun

He was full of grandiose ideas.

<a grandiose plan to upgrade the entire interstate highway system in 10 years>

Question 19

grave·side

noun

\ˈgrāv-ˌsīd\

Answer 19

1. N-COUNT 坟墓边(通常在谈论某人下葬时用此说法) You can refer to the area around a grave as the graveside, usually when you are talking about the time when someone is buried.
   Both women wept at his graveside.
   这两个女人都在他的墓前痛哭。

Question 20

grav·i·tate

verb

\ˈgra-və-ˌtāt\

Answer 20

1. VERB 被吸引到；受吸引而参加 If you gravitate towards a particular place, thing, or activity, you are attracted by it and go to it or get involved in it.
   Traditionally young Asians in Britain have gravitated towards medicine, law and engineering.
   英国的亚裔年轻人通常被吸引到医学、法律及工程专业。

The guests gravitated toward the far side of the room.
The conversation gravitated to politics.
Voters have started gravitating to him as a possible candidate.
Many young people now gravitate toward careers in the computer industry.

Question 21

graze

verb

\ˈgrāz\

Answer 21

1. V-ERG （动物）吃青草；放牛；放羊；放牧 When animals graze or are grazed, they eat the grass or other plants that are growing in a particular place. You can also say that a field is grazed by animals.
   Five cows graze serenely around a massive oak…
   5头奶牛在一棵大橡树旁悠闲自在地啃着青草。
   The hills have been grazed by sheep because they were too steep to be ploughed…
   这几座山过于陡峭，不适于耕种，所以就用来牧羊了。
2. VERB 擦伤（身体部位） If you graze a part of your body, you injure your skin by scraping against something.
   I had grazed my knees a little.
   我的膝盖擦破了一点皮。
   grazed: …grazed arms and legs.擦伤了的四肢
3. N-COUNT 擦伤 A graze is a small wound caused by scraping against something.
4. VERB 轻擦；轻触；蹭 If something grazes another thing, it touches that thing lightly as it passes by.
   A bullet had grazed his arm…
   一颗子弹擦过他的手臂。
   Wright managed a shot but it grazed the near post and rolled harmlessly across the goal.
   赖特勉强起脚射门，但是球擦着近门柱有惊无险地偏出了球门。

— graze·able or graz·able \ˈgrā-zə-bəl\ adjective
— graz·er noun

Question 22

gre·gar·i·ous

adj

\gri-ˈger-ē-əs\

Answer 22

1. ADJ-GRADED 爱交际的；合群的 Someone who is gregarious enjoys being with other people.
   She is such a gregarious and outgoing person.
   她很外向，喜欢交朋结友。
2. ADJ-GRADED （动物、鸟等）群居的 Gregarious animals or birds normally live in large groups.
   Snow geese are very gregarious birds.
   雪雁是群居性鸟类。

— gre·gar·i·ous·ly adverb
— gre·gar·i·ous·ness noun

She is outgoing and gregarious

Question 23

griev·ance

noun

\ˈgrē-vən(t)s\

Answer 23

1. N-VAR 委屈；不满；不平；抱怨 If you have a grievance about something that has happened or been done, you believe that it was unfair.
   They had a legitimate grievance…
   他们的抱怨是合乎情理的。
   The main grievance of the drivers is the imposition of higher fees for driving licences.
   让驾驶员深感不满的是驾驶执照收费的提高。

He has a deep sense of grievance against his former employer.

She has been nursing a grievance all week.

In the petition, the students listed their many grievances against the university administration.

Several customers came to the front desk to air their grievances.

Question 24

grim

adj

\ˈgrim\

Answer 24

1. ADJ-GRADED 严峻的；令人不快的；让人沮丧的；令人难以接受的 A situation or piece of information that is grim is unpleasant, depress ing, and difficult to accept.
   They painted a grim picture of growing crime…
   他们描绘了犯罪率上升的严峻情形。
   There was further grim economic news yesterday…
   昨天又传来更多令人沮丧的经济消息。
   grimness: …an unrelenting grimness of tone.语气中一直带着沮丧
2. ADJ-GRADED （地方）无吸引力的，阴森的，凄凉的 A place that is grim is unattractive and depressing in appearance.
   The city might be grim at first, but there is a vibrancy and excitement.
   这座城市最初可能并不吸引人，但是它有一种生机和活力。
   …the tower blocks on the city’s grim edges.
   矗立在荒凉的城市边缘的一幢幢塔楼
3. ADJ-GRADED 严肃的；坚定的；沉重的 If a person or their behaviour is grim, they are very serious, usually because they are worried about something.
   She was a grim woman with a turned-down mouth…
   她是个沉默寡言、令人畏惧的女人。
   Her expression was grim and unpleasant.
   她表情严肃，看上去很不开心。
   grimly: ‘It’s too late now to stop him,’ Harris said grimly.“现在阻止他已经太晚了，”哈里斯严肃地说道。
4. ADJ-GRADED 糟糕的；讨厌的；丑陋的；令人沮丧的 If you say that something is grim, you think that it is very bad, ugly, or depressing.
   Things were pretty grim for a time.
   事情一度糟糕透了。

— grim·ly adverb
— grim·ness noun

Question 25

grip

verb

\ˈgrip\

Answer 25

1. VERB 紧握；抓牢 If you grip something, you take hold of it with your hand and continue to hold it firmly.
   She gripped the rope.
   她紧紧抓住绳索。
2. N-COUNT 紧握；抓牢 A grip is a firm, strong hold on something.
   His strong hand eased the bag from her grip.
   他强有力的手迫使她松开了握紧袋子的双手。
3. N-SING 掌握；支配；控制 Someone’s grip on something is the power and control they have over it.
   The president maintains an iron grip on his country…
   总统牢牢地控制着他的国家。
   Tony Blair last night tightened his grip on Labour mps with new powers to root out troublemakers.
   昨晚，托尼·布莱尔利用新赋予的权力铲除了制造事端者，加强了对工党议员的控制。
4. VERB 强烈地影响 If something grips you, it affects you very strongly.
   Pain gripped him…
   他感到一阵剧痛。
   The entire community has been gripped by fear.
   恐惧笼罩着整个社区。
5. VERB 吸引;迷住 If you are gripped by something such as a story or a series of events, your attention is concentrated on it and held by it.
   The nation is gripped by the dramatic story.
   举国上下都为那个戏剧性的故事牵动着。
   gripping: The film turned out to be a gripping thriller.那部电影原来是部扣人心弦的惊悚片。
6. N-UNCOUNT 防滑；抓地力 If things such as shoes or car tyres have grip, they do not slip.
   …a new way of reinforcing rubber which gives car tyres better grip.
   加固橡胶以增强车胎抓地力的新方法
7. N-COUNT 手提包；旅行袋 A grip is a bag that is smaller than a suitcase, and that you use when you are travelling.
8. PHRASE 认真考虑并着手处理 If you get to grips with a problem or if you come to grips with it, you consider it seriously, and start taking action to deal with it.
   The government’s first task is to get to grips with the economy.
   政府的首要任务是处理好经济问题。
9. PHRASE （使自己）镇定下来；控制住（自己） If you get a grip on yourself, you make an effort to control or improve your behaviour or work.
10. PHRASE 受制于；受…的深刻影响 If a person, group, or place is in the grip of something, they are being severely affected by it.
    Britain is still in the grip of recession.
    英国依然没有摆脱经济衰退。
    …a region in the grip of severe drought.
    受大旱严重影响的地区
11. PHRASE 效率降低；失去信心；驾驭不住 If you lose your grip, you become less efficient and less confident, and less able to deal with things.
12. PHRASE 了解形势；理解现状 If you say that someone has a grip on reality, you mean they recognize the true situation and do not have mistaken ideas about it.
    Shakur loses his fragile grip on reality and starts blasting away at friends and foe alike.
    沙库尔丧失了对形势仅存的一点判断，无论对敌对友都开始大加挞伐。

— grip·per noun
— grip·ping·ly \ˈgri-piŋ-lē\ adverb

Question 26

grue·some

adj

\ˈgrü-səm\

Answer 26

1. ADJ-GRADED 令人厌恶的；恐怖的；令人震惊的 Something that is gruesome is extremely unpleasant and shocking.
   There has been a series of gruesome murders in the capital.
   在首都发生了一连串让人毛骨悚然的谋杀案。
   gruesomely: He has spent periods in prison, where he was gruesomely tortured.他坐过几次牢，在牢里受到非人的折磨。…a gruesomely compelling series of interviews.虽然骇人但却具有强烈吸引力的系列访谈

— grue·some·ly adverb
— grue·some·ness noun

The police report described the scene in gruesome detail.

<didn’t stick around to hear the gruesome details of the car accident>

Question 27

gull·ible

adj

\ˈgə-lə-bəl\

Answer 27

1. ADJ-GRADED 轻信的；易受骗的；易上当的 If you describe someone as gullible, you mean they are easily tricked because they are too trusting.
   What point is there in admitting that the stories fed to the gullible public were false?…
   承认向轻信媒体的公众提供了不实报道有何意义呢？
   I’m so gullible I would have believed him.
   我很容易上当，可能会相信他的话。
   gullibility: Was she taking part of the blame for her own gullibility?她是否也责怪自己太轻信了呢？

— gull·ibil·i·ty \ˌgə-lə-ˈbi-lə-tē\ noun
— gull·ibly \ˈgə-lə-blē\ adverb

Question 28

gym·nast

noun

\ˈjim-ˌnast\

Answer 28

1. N-COUNT 体操运动员 A gymnast is someone who is trained in gymnastics.

<the years of training required to become a champion gymnast>

Question 29

gy·ne·col·o·gy

noun

\ˌgī-nə-ˈkä-lə-jē\

Answer 29

n.妇科医生

— gy·ne·co·log·ic \ˌgī-ni-kə-ˈlä-jik\

gy·ne·co·log·i·cal -ji-kəl\ adjective

— gy·ne·col·o·gist \ˌgī-nə-ˈkä-lə-jist\ noun

Question 30

gy·ra·tion

noun

\jī-ˈrā-shən\

Answer 30

n.旋转，回旋

— gy·ra·tion·al -shə-nəl\ adjective

<dizzy from the spirally gyrations of the roller coaster>

Question 31

hab·er·dash·ery

noun

\ˈhä-bər-ˌda-sh(ə-)rē\

Answer 31

1. N-UNCOUNT 缝纫用品 Haberdashery is small articles for sewing, such as buttons, zips, and thread, which are sold in a haberdasher’s shop.
   in AM, use 美国英语用 notions
2. N-UNCOUNT （商店里出售的）男士服装 Haberdashery is men’s clothing sold in a shop.
3. N-COUNT 缝纫用品店；男装店 A haberdashery is a shop selling haberdashery.

Question 32

hab·i·tat

noun

\ˈha-bə-ˌtat\

Answer 32

1. N-VAR （动植物的）生境，栖生地，产地 The habitat of an animal or plant is the natural environment in which it normally lives or grows.
   In its natural habitat, the hibiscus will grow up to 25ft…
   在原生境中，木槿能长到25英尺高。
   Few countries have as rich a diversity of habitat as South Africa.
   几乎没有哪个国家像南非那样拥有如此多样化的动植物栖生地。

<a forest in California is set aside to preserve the unique brushy, rugged habitat required by nesting California condors>

Question 33

hab·i·ta·tion

noun

\ˌha-bə-ˈtā-shən\

Answer 33

1. N-UNCOUNT 居住 Habitation is the activity of living somewhere.
   The recent survey found that 20 per cent of private-rented dwellings are unfit for human habitation…
   最近的调查发现，20%的私人租住房屋并不适合人居住。
   Signs of habitation appeared and the fields gave way to houses.
   屋宇起平地，耕野生人烟。
2. N-COUNT 住处；住所;聚居地 A habitation is a place where people live.
   Behind the habitations, the sandstone cliffs rose abruptly to the north and west.
   在居住区后面，北边和西边陡然高耸着砂岩悬崖。

The house was not fit for human habitation.

a wilderness area with few habitations

Question 34

had·ron

noun

\ˈha-ˌdrän\

Answer 34

n.<物>强子

— ha·dron·ic \ha-ˈdrä-nik\ adjective

Question 35

hail

noun

\ˈhāl\

Answer 35

1. VERB 赞扬，称颂（人、事件或成就） If a person, event, or achievement is hailed as important or successful, they are praised publicly.
   Faulkner has been hailed as the greatest American novelist of his generation…
   福克纳被誉为他那一代人中最伟大的美国小说家。
   US magazines hailed her as the greatest rock’n’roll singer in the world…
   美国杂志把她奉为世界上最伟大的摇滚歌手。
2. N-UNCOUNT 雹子;冰雹 Hail consists of small balls of ice that fall like rain from the sky.
   …a sharp short-lived storm with heavy hail.
   一阵短暂的大雹暴
3. VERB 下雹;下冰雹 When it hails, hail falls like rain from the sky.
   It started to hail, huge great stones.
   开始下雹，而且是很大的雹子。
4. N-SING 雹子般的一阵 A hail of things, usually small objects, is a large number of them that hit you at the same time and with great force.
   The victim was hit by a hail of bullets…
   受害者被一阵弹雨击中。
   The riot police were met with a hail of stones and petrol bombs.
   防暴警察遭到一阵密集的石块和汽油弹的袭击。
5. VERB （人）生于，来自 Someone who hails from a particular place was born there or lives there.
   I hail from Brighton…
   我来自布赖顿。
   The band hail from Glasgow.
   乐团来自格拉斯哥。
6. VERB （人或物）来自 If someone or something hails from a particular background, they come from it.
   He hails from an affluent background…
   他出身于一个富有的家庭。
   This is a film which seems to hail from the hippie era.
   这看起来是一部嬉皮士时代的影片。
7. VERB 招呼;喊 If you hail someone, you call to them.
   Jill saw him and hailed him…
   吉尔看到了他，并和他打招呼。
   Suddenly, a voice hailed us and there was Miss Quigley.
   忽然传来一声招呼，原来是奎格利小姐。
8. VERB 招呼，叫（出租车） If you hail a taxi, you wave at it in order to stop it because you want the driver to take you somewhere.
   I hurried away to hail a taxi.
   我赶紧去叫出租车。
9. CONVENTION 致意;致敬 Hail is used as a word of greeting.
   Hail to the new champion Bengali D’Albret.
   向新科冠军本·贾利·达阿尔布雷致敬。

Question 36

hall·mark

noun

\ˈhȯl-ˌmärk\

Answer 36

1. N-COUNT 标志;特征;特点 The hallmark of something or someone is their most typical quality or feature.
   It’s a technique that has become the hallmark of Amber Films…
   这已经成为安伯电影公司的标志性技术。
   The killing had the hallmarks of a professional assassination…
   这起谋杀案具有职业暗杀的特征。
2. N-COUNT （金、银、铂制品上标明纯度、产地、制造者的）印记 A hallmark is an official mark put on things made of gold, silver, or platinum that indicates the quality of the metal, where the object was made, and who made it.

He had all the hallmarks of a great baseball player.

Humor is one of the hallmarks of her style.

The murder bore all the hallmarks of a serial killer’s work.

Question 37

ham·per

verb

\ˈham-pər\

Answer 37

1. VERB 妨碍;阻碍;牵制;束缚 If someone or something hampers you, they make it difficult for you to do what you are trying to do.
   The bad weather hampered rescue operations…
   恶劣的天气阻碍了救援工作的进行。
   I was hampered by a lack of information.
   我受到了信息不足的牵累。
2. N-COUNT （装有各种食品的）礼物篮 A hamper is a basket containing food of various kinds that is given to people as a present.
   …a luxury food hamper.
   豪华食品礼物篮
3. N-COUNT （尤指装食品用的）带盖大篮 A hamper is a large basket with a lid, used especially for carrying food in.
   …a picnic hamper.
   野餐篮子

Question 38

ham·ster

noun

\ˈham(p)-stər\

Answer 38

1. N-COUNT （常作为宠物饲养的）仓鼠 A hamster is a small furry animal which is similar to a mouse, and which is often kept as a pet.

Question 39

hand·i·cap

noun

\ˈhan-di-ˌkap\

Answer 39

1. N-COUNT （生理或智力上的）残障，残疾 A handicap is a physical or mental disability.
   He lost his leg when he was ten, but learnt to overcome his handicap.
   他10岁时失去了一条腿，但他学会了克服自己的残疾。
2. N-COUNT 不利条件;障碍 A handicap is an event or situation that places you at a disadvantage and makes it harder for you to do something.
   She was away from school for 15 weeks, a handicap she could have done without…
   她有15周没上学，这给她带来了本不该有的障碍。
   Being a foreigner was not a handicap.
   身为外国人并不是一个障碍。
3. VERB 妨碍;使不利 If an event or a situation handicaps someone or something, it places them at a disadvantage.
   Greater levels of stress may seriously handicap some students…
   压力的加重可能会给一些学生带来严重的负面影响。
   The industrial injuries scheme takes into account the actual disability and whether it handicaps a person in working.
   工伤赔偿方案要考虑实际残疾情况以及残疾是否会影响其工作能力。
4. N-COUNT （高尔夫运动中的）给弱者增加的杆数，差点 In golf, a handicap is an advantage given to someone who is not a good player, in order to make the players more equal. As you improve, your handicap gets lower.
   I see your handicap is down from 16 to 12.
   我发现你的差点已从16杆降到了12杆。
5. N-COUNT （赛马比赛的）让步赛 In horse racing, a handicap is a race in which some competitors are given a disadvantage of extra weight in an attempt to give everyone an equal chance of winning.

Question 40

hard–edge

adj

\ˈhärd-ˈej\

Answer 40

硬边

Question 41

har·dy

adj

\ˈhär-dē\

Answer 41

1. ADJ-GRADED （植物）耐寒的 Plants that are hardy are able to survive cold weather.
   The silver-leaved varieties of cyclamen are not quite as hardy.
   银叶仙客来品种不太耐寒。
   hardiness: …the hardiness of other species that have blue flowers.其他开蓝花的物种的耐寒性
2. ADJ-GRADED （人或动物）强壮的，适应力强的 People and animals that are hardy are strong and able to cope with difficult conditions.
   It should not surprise us that such an environment has produced a hardy and independent people…
   这样的环境造就了一个吃苦耐劳、独立自主的民族，对此我们不应该感到意外。
   Hardy antelope wander in from the desert.
   适应力强的羚羊从沙漠游荡到了这里。
   hardiness: …the hardiness, endurance, and courage of my companions…我的同伴们的顽强、坚忍和勇气These Pacific oysters are known for their hardiness.这些太平洋牡蛎以适应力强而闻名。
3. ADJ-GRADED 坚定不移的;非常忠诚的;顽强的 If you describe a group of people as hardy, you mean that they have been very patient or loyal, or have been trying hard to do something in difficult conditions.
   …the ten hardy supporters who had made the trek to Dublin from Riga.
   从里加长途跋涉到都柏林的10名铁杆支持者

— har·di·ly \ˈhär-d^əl-ē\ adverb
— har·di·ness \ˈhär-dē-nəs\ noun

Question 42

har·ness

noun

\ˈhär-nəs\

Answer 42

1. VERB 控制（情感）;利用（自然力） If you harness something such as an emotion or natural source of energy, you bring it under your control and use it.
   …the movement’s ability to harness the anger of all Ukrainians…
   该运动之疏解所有乌克兰人怒气的能力
   Turkey plans to harness the waters of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers for big hydro-electric power projects.
   土耳其计划利用底格里斯河和幼发拉底河的河水开发大型水电项目。
2. N-COUNT （系在身上用以携带装备或限制其移动的）系带，背带 A harness is a set of straps which fit under a person’s arms and fasten round their body in order to keep a piece of equipment in place or to prevent the person moving from a place.
3. N-COUNT 马具;挽具 A harness is a set of leather straps and metal links fastened round a horse’s head or body so that the horse can have a carriage, cart, or plough fastened to it.
4. VERB 给（马等）套上挽具 If a horse or other animal is harnessed, a harness is put on it, especially so that it can pull a carriage, cart, or plough.
   On Sunday the horses were harnessed to a heavy wagon for a daylong ride over the Border.
   星期天，马匹被套在一辆沉重的马车上，准备踏上长达一天的穿越边境之旅。
5. PHRASE 互相配合;通力合作 People or things who are working in harness are working together in order to achieve a particular aim.
   At Opera North he will be in harness with Paul Daniel, the conductor appointed music director last year.
   在北方歌剧公司，他将和去年指挥指定的音乐总监保罗·丹尼尔通力合作。
6. PHRASE （常指停止工作一段时间后）正常工作的 If you say that someone is in harness, you mean that they are working, often after a period of not working.
   You can rest for three or four months and then the longing for work will return and you will be right back in harness.
   你可以休息三四个月，然后又会开始渴望工作，并能很快回到正常的工作状态。

Question 43

hatch·back

noun

\ˈhach-ˌbak\

Answer 43

1. N-COUNT 掀背式轿车 A hatchback is a car with an extra door at the back which opens upwards.

Question 44

ha·ven

noun

\ˈhā-vən\

Answer 44

1. N-COUNT See also: safe haven 安全处所;庇护所;避难所 A haven is a place where people or animals feel safe, secure, and happy.
   It’s a real haven at the end of a busy working day.
   忙碌了一整天后，这真是一个安乐窝。
   …Lake Baringo, a freshwater haven for a mixed variety of birds.
   众多鸟类的淡水天堂巴林戈湖

ha·ven noun \ˈhā-vən\

Question 45

hav·oc

noun

\ˈha-vək\

Answer 45

1. N-UNCOUNT 大破坏;大毁坏;大混乱 Havoc is great disorder, and confusion.
   Rioters caused havoc in the centre of the town.
   暴乱分子在市中心制造了极大混乱。
2. PHRASE 给…造成混乱（或破坏） If one thing plays havoc with another or wreaks havoc on it, it prevents it from continuing or functioning as normal, or damages it.
   Drug addiction soon played havoc with his career…
   毒瘾很快就毁掉了他的事业。
   The weather played havoc with airline schedules…
   天气打乱了航空公司的航班安排。

Question 46

haz·ard·ous

adj

\ˈha-zər-dəs\

Answer 46

1. ADJ-GRADED （尤指对健康或安全）有危险的，有危害的 Something that is hazardous is dangerous, especially to people’s health or safety.
   They have no way to dispose of the hazardous waste they produce…
   他们没有办法处理掉自己产生的有害废料。
   Passive smoking can be hazardous to health.
   被动吸烟会有害健康。

— haz·ard·ous·ly adverb
— haz·ard·ous·ness noun

It was a hazardous voyage.

These are hazardous chemicals that can cause death if inhaled.

Question 47

hedge·hog

noun

\ˈhej-ˌhȯg\

Answer 47

1. N-COUNT 刺猬 A hedgehog is a small brown animal with sharp spikes covering its back.

Question 48

he·do·nis·tic

adjective

\ˌhē-də-ˈnis-tik\

Answer 48

1. N-COUNT 享乐主义者 A hedonist is someone who believes that having pleasure is the most important thing in life.

he·do·nism noun \ˈhē-də-ˌni-zəm\

he·do·nist noun -nist\

he·do·nis·ti·cal·ly -ti-k(ə-)lē\ adverb

<their spring break trip to Mexico became an exercise in heedless hedonism>

Question 49

hefty

adj

\ˈhef-tē\

Answer 49

1. ADJ-GRADED （体积、重量或数量）巨大的 Hefty means large in size, weight, or amount.
   She was quite a hefty woman…
   她是个身材高大的女子。
   If he is found guilty he faces a hefty fine.
   如果被判有罪，他就要面临巨额罚款。
2. ADJ-GRADED 有力的;猛烈的 A hefty movement is done with a lot of force.
   Lambert gave Luckwell a hefty shove to send him on his way.
   兰伯特用力推了勒克韦尔一把，把他送上了路。

— heft·i·ly -tə-lē\ adverb
— heft·i·ness -tē-nəs\ noun

He was a tall, hefty man.

Her boss gave her a hefty raise.

a hefty dose of irony

He gave the door a hefty kick.

Question 50

he·ge·mo·ny

noun

\hi-ˈje-mə-nē\

Answer 50

1. N-UNCOUNT 支配（权）；统治（权）；霸权 Hegemony is a situation in which one country, organization, or group has more power, control, or importance than others.
   【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

— heg·e·mon·ic \ˌhe-jə-ˈmä-nik\ adjective

They discussed the national government’s hegemony over their tribal community.

<European intellectuals have long debated the consequences of the hegemony of American popular culture around the world.>

… the very concept of “scientific truth” can only represent a social construction invented by scientists (whether consciously or not) as a device to justify their hegemony over the study of nature. —Stephen Jay Gould, Science, 14 Jan. 2000