GMAT 04

Question 1

ply·wood noun \ˈplī-ˌwu̇d\

Answer 1

1. N-UNCOUNT 胶合板 Plywood is wood that consists of thin layers of wood stuck together.
   …a sheet of plywood.
   一张胶合板

Question 2

pneu·mo·nia noun \nu̇-ˈmō-nyə\

Answer 2

1. N-UNCOUNT 肺炎 Pneumonia is a serious disease which affects your lungs and makes it difficult for you to breathe.
   She nearly died of pneumonia.
   她差点儿死于肺炎。

Question 3

poach·er noun \ˈpō-chər\

Answer 3

n.偷猎者； 偷猎者成了猎物保护人； 侵入他人地界者； 煮蛋用的锅

Question 4

point·ed adj \ˈpȯin-təd\

Answer 4

1. ADJ-GRADED 有尖头的；尖的 Something that is pointed has a point at one end.
   …a pointed roof.
   尖屋顶
   …pointed shoes.
   尖头鞋
2. ADJ-GRADED 尖锐的；直截了当的；批评性的 Pointed comments or behaviour express criticism in a clear and direct way.
   I couldn’t help but notice the pointed remarks slung in my direction…
   我不能不注意到针对我的尖锐言辞。
   Her new book is a pointed look at life in a small community, and the position of women within it.
   她的新书对狭小社区的生活和其中女性的地位进行了犀利的剖析。

pointedly: They were pointedly absent from the news conference…他们刻意缺席记者招待会。’This is my house,’ Blair said rather pointedly.布莱尔颇为直接地说：“这是我的房子。”

— point·ed·ly adverb
— point·ed·ness noun

Question 5

poke noun \ˈpōk\

Answer 5

1. VERB （用手指或尖物）戳，捅，杵 If you poke someone or something, you quickly push them with your finger or with a sharp object.
   Lindy poked him in the ribs.
   琳迪戳了戳他的肋部。
   Poke is also a noun.
   John smiled at them and gave Richard a playful poke.
   约翰冲着他们笑了笑，开玩笑地捅了理查德一下。
2. VERB 把…戳进；把…插入 If you poke one thing into another, you push the first thing into the second thing.
   He poked his finger into the hole.
   他把手指插入孔中。
3. VERB （从后面或下面）露出，冒出 If something pokes out of or through another thing, you can see part of it appearing from behind or underneath the other thing.
   He saw the dog’s twitching nose poke out of the basket…
   他看到那只狗一抽一抽的鼻子从篮子里冒出来。
   His fingers poked through the worn tips of his gloves.
   他的手指从手套的破指尖处露了出来。
4. V-ERG （使）（头）伸出；（使）探出 If you poke your head through an opening or if it pokes through an opening, you push it through, often so that you can see something more easily.
   Julie tapped on my door and poked her head in…
   朱莉轻轻地敲了敲我的门，探进头来。
   We hadn’t been able to poke our heads out and see what was going on…
   我们无法伸出头去，看看发生了什么。
5. to poke fun at →see: fun; to poke your nose into something →see: nose;

相关词组：poke around, poke at

1. PHRASAL VERB （通常指挪动很多物品）寻找，翻找 If you poke around or poke about for something, you search for it, usually by moving lots of objects around.
   He poked around the top of his cupboard for the bottle of whisky…
   他翻遍了食橱的上层，想找那瓶威士忌。
   We opened up the car bonnet and he started poking around in my engine.
   我们打开了车子的引擎盖，他开始仔细查看发动机。
2. PHRASAL VERB （用尖物反复地）捅，戳，拨弄 If you poke at something, you make lots of little pushing movements at it with a sharp object.
   She poked at her food with a fork…
   她拿叉子拨弄着食物。
   Reggie threw more wood on the fire and poked at it.
   雷吉又往火上扔了些木柴。

Question 6

poke and pry

Answer 6

v.管闲事，多打听

Question 7

po·lar·i·ty noun \pō-ˈler-ə-tē\

Answer 7

1. N-VAR 完全相反；截然对立 If there is a polarity between two people or things, they are completely different from each other in some way.
   …the ideological polarity between nations.
   国家间意识形态的截然对立
   …the polarities of good and evil…
   善与恶的针锋相对

Answer 8

1. N-MASS 花粉 Pollen is a fine powder produced by flowers. It fertilizes other flowers of the same species so that they produce seeds.

Question 9

pol·li·nate verb \ˈpä-lə-ˌnāt\

Answer 9

1. VERB （常指昆虫）给…传授花粉 To pollinate a plant or tree means to fertilize it with pollen. This is often done by insects.
   Many of the indigenous insects are needed to pollinate the local plants.
   需要很多种土生昆虫给当地植物授粉。
   pollination: Without sufficient pollination, the growth of the corn is stunted.没有得到充足的授粉，谷物的长势就会受阻。

Question 10

pol·li·na·tion noun \ˌpä-lə-ˈnā-shən\

Answer 10

n.<植>授粉(作用)

Question 11

polyarchy
[ˈp ɑlɪˌ ɑrkɪ]

Answer 11

法律

1. 多党政治
2. 多头政治

Question 12

poly·gon noun \ˈpä-lē-ˌgän\

Answer 12

n.多边形，多角形

— po·lyg·o·nal \pə-ˈli-gə-n^əl\ adjective
— po·lyg·o·nal·ly -n^əl-ē\ adverb

Pentagons, hexagons, and octagons are all kinds of polygons.

Question 13

poly·graph noun \ˈpä-lē-ˌgraf\

Answer 13

1. N-COUNT 测谎（试验） A polygraph or a polygraph test is a test which is used by the police to try to find out whether someone is telling the truth.
   Hill’s lawyers announced she had taken and passed a polygraph test.
   希尔的律师宣布她已接受并通过了测谎。

— poly·graph·ic \ˌpä-lē-ˈgra-fik\ adjective

They hooked him up to the polygraph and began the test.

She was asked to take a polygraph.

Question 14

poly·morph noun \ˈpä-lē-ˌmȯrf\

Answer 14

n.多形； 多形体； 多晶型物； <生>多形态的动(植)物

Question 15

pomp·ous adj \ˈpäm-pəs\

Answer 15

1. ADJ-GRADED 自负的；自命不凡的 If you describe someone as pompous, you mean that they behave or speak in a very serious way because they think they are more important than they really are.
   He was somewhat pompous and had a high opinion of his own capabilities.
   他有点自大，自视甚高。
   pompously: Robin said pompously that he had an important business appointment.罗宾傲慢地说他有一个重要的工作约会。
2. ADJ-GRADED 盛大的；壮观的 A pompous building or ceremony is very grand and elaborate.
   The service was grand without being pompous.
   仪式场面宏大，却不浮华。

— pomp·ous·ly adverb
— pomp·ous·ness noun

Question 16

pop verb \ˈpäp\

Answer 16

v.突然爆开;意外发生;(眼睛)张大

Question 17

por·ce·lain noun \ˈpȯr-s(ə-)lən\

Answer 17

1. N-UNCOUNT 瓷 Porcelain is a hard, shiny substance made by heating clay. It is used to make delicate cups, plates, and ornaments.
   There were lilies everywhere in tall white porcelain vases.
   高高的白色瓷瓶上绘满了百合花。
2. N-VAR 瓷器 A porcelain is an ornament that is made of porcelain. You can refer to a number of such ornaments as porcelain .
   …decorative 17th and 18th century porcelains.
   17和18世纪装饰用的瓷器
   …a priceless collection of English porcelain.
   一批价值连城的英国瓷器藏品

— por·ce·lain·like -ˌlīk\ adjective
— por·ce·la·ne·ous or por·cel·la·ne·ous \ˌpȯr-sə-ˈlā-nē-əs\ adjective

Question 18

por·nog·ra·phy noun -fē\

Answer 18

1. N-UNCOUNT （总称）色情（或淫秽）作品 Pornography refers to books, magazines, and films that are designed to cause sexual excitement by showing naked people or referring to sexual acts.
   A nationwide campaign against pornography began in the summer.
   一场全国性打击淫秽作品的行动在夏季打响了。

— por·no·graph·ic \ˌpȯr-nə-ˈgra-fik\ adjective
— por·no·graph·i·cal·ly -fi-k(ə-)lē\ adverb

Question 19

por·tage noun \ˈpȯr-tij\

Answer 19

n. (两条水路间货物、小船等的)陆上运输，陆上运输路线
vt. & vi.水陆联运(货物等)， 两水路间运送(货物， 船等)

Question 20

por·tend verb \pȯr-ˈtend\

Answer 20

1. VERB 预示；预兆；预告 If something portends an event or occurrence, it indicates that it is likely to happen in the future.
   The change did not portend a basic improvement in social conditions.
   该变化没有预示社会状况的根本改观。

Question 21

por·tray·al noun -ˈtrā(-ə)l\

Answer 21

1. N-COUNT （角色的）扮演，刻画，演绎 An actor’s portrayal of a character in a play or film is the way that he or she plays the character.
   Mr Ying is well-known for his portrayal of a prison guard in the film ‘The Last Emperor’.
   英先生因其在电影《末代皇帝》中塑造的监狱看守形象而闻名。
2. N-COUNT 绘画；油画；照片 An artist’s portrayal of something is a drawing, painting, or photograph of it.
   ‘Scene with a Winding River’ (1827) is a near-monochrome portrayal of a wood infused with silvery light.
   《有弯弯河流的风景》（1827年）是一幅近乎单色调的绘画，描绘的是沐浴在银色光线里的一片树林。
   …a moving portrayal of St John the Evangelist by Simone Martini.
   西蒙·马尔蒂尼画的福音传道者圣约翰的动人画像
3. N-COUNT 描述；描写；刻画 The portrayal of something in a book or film is the act of describing it or showing it.
   This is a sensitive and often funny portrayal of a friendship between two 11-year-old boys.
   这是对两个11岁小男孩之间的友谊所作的细腻而不乏风趣的描述。
   …Leigh’s portrayal of English society.
   莉对英格兰社会的描写
4. N-COUNT 描写；呈现；表现 The portrayal of something in a book, film, or programme is the way that it is made to appear.
   The media persists in its portrayal of us as muggers, dope sellers and gangsters…
   媒体一直把我们描绘成抢劫犯、贩毒者和歹徒。
   I get criticized for the portrayal of women in that movie.
   我在那部电影里对女性形象的刻画受到了批评。

Question 22

positive number

Answer 22

n.正数

Question 23

pos·ter·i·ty noun \pä-ˈster-ə-tē\

Answer 23

1. N-UNCOUNT 后裔；子孙；后代 You can refer to everyone who will be alive in the future as posterity .
   A photographer recorded the scene on video for posterity…
   摄影师用摄像机为后代记录下了这个场景。
   Was he making these notes for the benefit of posterity?
   他写下这些笔记是为让后人受益吗？

Posterity will remember her as a woman of courage and integrity.

A record of the events was preserved for posterity.

The truth about what happened will be known to posterity.

Her broad aim is to reconcile the image of Johnson—the clubbable man, loved by posterity as well as by his contemporaries—and the man racked by disease and tormented by his fear of madness. —Frank Kermode, New York Review of Books, 22 June 2006

Question 24

post–struc·tur·al·ism

noun

\ˌpōs(t)-ˈstrək-chə-rə-ˌli-zəm\

Answer 24

n.后结构主义

Question 25

po·tas·si·um

noun, often attributive

\pə-ˈta-sē-əm\

Answer 25

1. N-UNCOUNT 钾 Potassium is a soft silvery-white chemical element, which occurs mainly in compounds. These compounds are used in making such things as glass, soap, and fertilizers.

Question 26

po·tent adj \ˈpō-t^ənt\

Answer 26

1. ADJ-GRADED 很有效的；强有力的 Something that is potent is very effective and powerful.
   Their most potent weapon was the Exocet missile…
   飞鱼导弹是他们最有攻击力的武器。
   The drug is extremely potent, but causes unpleasant side effects.
   这种药药效极强，但会产生不良的副作用。

— po·tent·ly adverb

Question 27

pot·pour·ri noun \ˌpō-pu̇-ˈrē\

Answer 27

1. N-MASS 百花香（各种不同的干花瓣和叶子的混合物，可使室内空气芬芳） Potpourri is a mixture of dried petals and leaves from different flowers. Potpourri is used to make rooms smell pleasant.
2. N-SING 混杂物；杂烩；集锦 A potpourri of things is a collection of various different items which were not originally intended to form a group.
   …a potpourri of architectural styles from all over the world.
   世界各地建筑风格的荟萃

Question 28

pot·tery noun \ˈpä-tə-rē\

Answer 28

1. N-UNCOUNT 陶器；陶瓷器皿 You can use pottery to refer to pots, dishes, and other objects which are made from clay and then baked in an oven until they are hard.
2. N-UNCOUNT 陶土；黏土 You can use pottery to refer to the hard clay that some pots, dishes, and other objects are made of.
   Some bowls were made of pottery and wood.
   一些碗是用陶土和木头制成的。
3. N-UNCOUNT 制陶手艺；陶艺；陶瓷制造 Pottery is the craft or activity of making objects out of clay.
4. N-COUNT 陶器工厂；陶器作坊；陶窑 A pottery is a factory or other place where pottery is made.

Question 29

prac·ti·tion·er noun \prak-ˈti-sh(ə-)nər\

Answer 29

1. N-COUNT See also: GP 执业医生 Doctors are sometimes referred to as practitioners or medical practitioners .

<a French doctor who was once the most famous practitioner of natural childbirth>

Question 30

prag·mat·ic adj \prag-ˈma-tik\

Answer 30

1. ADJ-GRADED 讲求实效的；实用的；务实的 A pragmatic way of dealing with something is based on practical considerations, rather than theoretical ones. A pragmatic person deals with things in a practical way.
   Robin took a pragmatic look at her situation.
   罗宾实际地考虑了一下她的处境。
   …a pragmatic approach to the problems faced by Latin America.
   针对拉美面临问题的切实的解决办法
   pragmatically: ‘I can’t ever see us doing anything else,’ states Brian pragmatically…布赖恩非常实际地说道：“我想象不出我们还能做些其他什么事。”Pragmatically, MTV’s survival depends on selling the youth market to advertisers.从务实角度来说，音乐电视网的生存依赖于把年轻人市场卖给广告商。

— pragmatic noun
— prag·mat·i·cal·ly -ti-k(ə-)lē\ adverb

Question 31

prai·rie

noun, often attributive

\ˈprer-ē\

Answer 31

1. N-VAR （北美的）大草原 A prairie is a large area of flat, grassy land in North America. Prairies have very few trees.

Millions of buffalo once roamed the prairies.

The train tracks extend over miles of prairie.

Question 32

pre·cau·tion noun \pri-ˈkȯ-shən\

Answer 32

1. N-COUNT 预防措施；防备 A precaution is an action that is intended to prevent something dangerous or unpleasant from happening.
   Could he not, just as a precaution, move to a place of safety?…
   就算仅仅是为了以防万一，难道他就不能挪到安全的地方吗？
   I had taken the precaution of doing a little research before I left London…
   我已在离开伦敦前进行了准备，做了些调查研究。

— pre·cau·tion·ary -shə-ˌner-ē\ adjective

Question 33

pre·cip·i·ta·tion noun \pri-ˌsi-pə-ˈtā-shən\

Answer 33

1. N-UNCOUNT 降水 Precipitation is rain, snow, or hail.
2. N-UNCOUNT 沉淀；沉析 Precipitation is a process in a chemical reaction which causes solid particles to become separated from a liquid.
   【语域标签】：TECHNICAL 术语

The weather forecast calls for some sort of frozen precipitation tomorrow—either snow or sleet.

a 50 percent chance of precipitation

Minerals are separated from the seawater by precipitation.

Question 34

pre·cip·i·tous adj \pri-ˈsi-pə-təs\

Answer 34

1. ADJ-GRADED 险峻的；陡峭的 A precipitous slope or drop is very steep and often dangerous.
   The town is perched on the edge of a steep, precipitous cliff.
   该镇坐落在陡峭险峻的悬崖边上。
   precipitously: The ground beyond the road fell away precipitously.道路外的地面陡然下降。
2. ADJ-GRADED 突然的；急剧的 A precipitous change is sudden and unpleasant.
   The stock market’s precipitous drop frightened foreign investors…
   股票市场的猛跌吓坏了国外投资者。
   Meryl’s health started a precipitous decline.
   梅里尔的健康状况开始急剧下降。
   precipitously: The company has seen its profits fall precipitously over the past few years.该公司的利润在过去的几年里急剧下跌。
3. ADJ-GRADED 急促的；轻率的；仓猝的 A precipitous action happens very quickly and often without being planned.
   …a precipitous decision.
   轻率的决定
   precipitously: They’ve got to act precipitously to make the deals.他们为完成交易不得不草率行事。

— pre·cip·i·tous·ly adverb
— pre·cip·i·tous·ness noun

Question 35

pre·cur·sor noun \pri-ˈkər-sər\

Answer 35

1. N-COUNT 先驱；先锋；前身 A precursor of something is a similar thing that happened or existed before it, often something which led to the existence or development of that thing.
   Real tennis, an ancient precursor of the modern game, originated in the eleventh century…
   室内网球，现代网球运动的古老前身，起源于11世纪。
   He said that the deal should not be seen as a precursor to a merger.
   他说该笔交易不应该被看作是合并的前兆。

— pre·cur·so·ry -ˈkərs-rē\ adjective

Question 36

pred·a·tor noun \ˈpre-də-tər\

Answer 36

1. N-COUNT 捕食性动物 A predator is an animal that kills and eats other animals.
2. N-COUNT 掠夺者；掠夺成性的人（或组织） People sometimes refer to predatory people or organizations as predators .
   The company is worried about takeovers by various predators.
   公司担心被各种虎视眈眈的集团收购。

predators like bears and wolves

The population of rabbits is controlled by natural predators.

a corporate predator acquiring business rivals

Question 37

pre·de·ces·sor

noun

\ˈpre-də-ˌse-sər\

Answer 37

1. N-COUNT 前任；前辈 Your predecessor is the person who had your job before you.
   He maintained that he learned everything he knew from his predecessor Kenneth Sisam.
   他坚称他所知道的一切都获自前任肯尼思·赛瑟姆。
2. N-COUNT （物件、机器的）前身 The predecessor of an object or machine is the object or machine that came before it in a sequence or process of development.
   The car is some 40mm shorter than its predecessor.
   这辆轿车比原先的车型短了约40毫米。

Today’s computers are much faster than their predecessors were.

<the once-ubiquitous typewriter was the predecessor of today’s electronic keyboard>

Question 38

pre·dic·a·ment

noun

\pri-ˈdi-kə-mənt\

Answer 38

1. N-COUNT 困境；艰难的处境；尴尬的境地 If you are in a predicament, you are in an unpleasant situation that is difficult to get out of.
   Hank explained our predicament…
   汉克说明了我们的艰难处境。
   The decision will leave her in a peculiar predicament.
   这个决定会让她处于尴尬的境地。

Question 39

pred·i·cate noun \ˈpre-di-kət\

Answer 39

1. N-COUNT 谓语 In some systems of grammar, the predicate of a clause is the part of it that is not the subject. For example, in ‘I decided what to do’, ‘decided what to do’ is the predicate.
   The noun is pronounced /’predɪkət/. The verb is pronounced /’predɪkeɪt/. 名词读作 /’predɪkət/。动词读作 /’predɪkeɪt/。
2. VERB 基于；取决于；以…为基础 If you say that one situation is predicated on another, you mean that the first situation can be true or real only if the second one is true or real.
   Financial success is usually predicated on having money or being able to obtain it.
   先要有钱或者能弄到钱才能够赚钱。

— pred·i·ca·tive -kə-tiv\ adjective
— pred·i·ca·tive·ly adverb

Question 40

pre·dis·pose verb \ˌprē-di-ˈspōz\

Answer 40

1. N-COUNT 倾向；禀性 If you have a predisposition to behave in a particular way, you tend to behave like that because of the kind of person that you are or the attitudes that you have.
   …a woman’s predisposition to use the right side of her brain…
   女性使用右脑的倾向
   There is a thin dividing line between educating the public and creating a predisposition to panic.
   对公众进行教育和制造恐慌倾向之间没有明显的分界。
2. N-COUNT （易患某种疾病的）倾向，体质 If you have a predisposition to a disease or illness, it is likely that you will suffer from that disease or illness.
   …a genetic predisposition to lung cancer.
   易患肺癌的遗传倾向

— pre·dis·po·si·tion \ˌprē-ˌdis-pə-ˈzi-shən\ noun

Question 41

pre·em·i·nence noun \prē-ˈe-mə-nən(t)s\

Answer 41

n.卓越，杰出

<the restaurant is known for the preeminence of its seafood dishes>

<some historians contended that no nation had attained such undisputed preeminence since the glory days of the Roman Empire>

Question 42

pref·ace noun \ˈpre-fəs\

Answer 42

1. N-COUNT （书的）序言，前言，绪论 A preface is an introduction at the beginning of a book, which explains what the book is about or why it was written.
2. VERB 以…为开端；以…作为开场白 If you preface an action or speech with something else, you do or say this other thing first.
   I will preface what I am going to say with a few lines from Shakespeare…
   进入正题之前，我先引用莎士比亚的几句诗作为开场白。
   The president prefaced his remarks by saying he has supported unemployment benefits all along.
   总统在发表讲话前说他一直以来都支持发放失业津贴。

Question 43

pref·er·en·tial adj \ˌpre-fə-ˈren(t)-shəl\

Answer 43

1. ADJ-GRADED 优先的；优惠的；优待的 If you get preferential treatment, you are treated better than other people and therefore have an advantage over them.
   Despite her status, the Duchess will not be given preferential treatment.
   虽然地位显赫，但是公爵夫人并不会得到优待。
   preferentially: His face collapses when the baby preferentially reaches for the mother.当这个婴儿最先把手伸向母亲时，他脸色一沉。

— pref·er·en·tial·ly -ˈren(t)-sh(ə-)lē\ adverb

Question 44

prej·u·di·cial adj \ˌpre-jə-ˈdi-shəl\

Answer 44

1. ADJ-GRADED 有害的；不利的 If an action or situation is prejudicial to someone or something, it is harmful to them.
   You could face up to eight years in jail for spreading rumours considered prejudicial to security…
   散布危害社会安全的谣言将被判入狱8年。
   The judge agreed with the prosecution that such information would be too prejudicial for the jury to hear.
   法官同意了检控方的意见，认为让陪审团知晓这样的信息对断案十分不利。

— prej·u·di·cial·ly -ˈdi-sh(ə-)lē\ adverb
— prej·u·di·cial·ness -shəl-nəs\ noun

Question 45

pre·ma·ture

adj

\ˌprē-mə-ˈtyu̇r\

Answer 45

1. ADJ-GRADED 过早的；太早的；提前的 Something that is premature happens earlier than usual or earlier than people expect.
   Accidents are still the number one cause of premature death for Americans…
   交通事故仍然是造成美国人过早死亡的头号因素。
   His career was brought to a premature end by a succession of knee injuries.
   因为膝盖接二连三地受伤，他的职业生涯提前结束了。
   prematurely: The war and the years in the harsh mountains had prematurely aged him…战争和在环境恶劣的山区度过的岁月使他过早衰老了。The heavy rain driving against the windows made the room prematurely dark.暴雨敲打着窗户，房间早早就暗了下来。
2. ADJ-GRADED 不成熟的；过早的；草率的 You can say that something is premature when it happens too early and is therefore inappropriate.
   It now seems their optimism was premature…
   现在看来他们高兴得太早了。
   I think it’s premature for restaurants to come out with that advice.
   我认为餐馆提出那样的建议太草率了。
   prematurely: Holmgren is careful not to celebrate prematurely.霍姆格伦非常小心，以免庆祝得过早了。
3. ADJ-GRADED 早产的 A premature baby is one that was born before the date when it was expected to be born.
   Even very young premature babies respond to their mother’s presence…
   即使是很小的早产儿也会对母亲的出现做出反应。
   When my daughter Emma was born she was two and a half months premature.
   我女儿埃玛出生时提前了两个半月。
   prematurely: Danny was born prematurely, weighing only 3lb 3oz.丹尼是早产儿，生下来时体重只有3磅3盎司。

— premature noun
— pre·ma·ture·ly adverb
— pre·ma·ture·ness noun
— pre·ma·tu·ri·ty -ˈtyu̇r-ə-tē\ noun

Question 46

pre·mi·um noun \ˈprē-mē-əm\

Answer 46

1. N-COUNT 保险费；保险金 A premium is a sum of money that you pay regularly to an insurance company for an insurance policy.
   It is too early to say whether insurance premiums will be affected.
   现在说保险费是否会受影响还为时过早。
2. N-COUNT 额外费用；加付款；加价 A premium is a sum of money that you have to pay for something in addition to the normal cost.
   Even if customers want ‘solutions’, most are not willing to pay a premium for them…
   即使顾客想得到“解决方案”，他们大多数也不愿意为此支付额外费用。
   Callers are charged a premium rate of 48p a minute.
   打电话要支付每分钟48便士的附加费。
3. ADJ 优质的；高端的 Premium goods are of a higher than usual quality and are often expensive.
   At the premium end of the market, business is booming.
   高端市场业务繁荣。
   …the most popular premium ice cream in this country.
   这个国家最受欢迎的优质冰激凌
4. PHRASE 紧缺的；稀缺的；难以得到的 If something is at a premium, it is wanted or needed, but is difficult to get or achieve.
   If space is at a premium, choose adaptable furniture that won’t fill the room.
   如果空间有限，就选择一些不会把房间占得很满的可改装家具。
5. PHRASE 超出平常价，以高价（买进或售出） If you buy or sell something at a premium, you buy or sell it at a higher price than usual, for example because it is in short supply.
   He eventually sold the shares back to the bank at a premium.
   他最后以高价把股票回售给银行。
6. PHRASE 高度重视 If you place a high premium on a quality or characteristic or put a high premium on it, you regard it as very important.
   I place a high premium on what someone is like as a person…
   我非常重视一个人的人品。
   They put a high premium on prevention and primary care.
   他们对预防和初级护理极为重视。

Question 47

pre·oc·cu·pied adj (ˌ)prē-ˈä-kyə-ˌpīd\

Answer 47

1. ADJ-GRADED 全神贯注的；入神的 If you are preoccupied, you are thinking a lot about something or someone, and so you hardly notice other things.
   Tom Banbury was preoccupied with the missing Shepherd child and did not want to devote time to the new murder…
   汤姆·班伯里一心寻找谢泼德家失踪的孩子，不想花时间处理这起新的谋杀案。
   She looked very preoccupied.
   她看起来心事重重。

Question 48

pre·pon·der·ance noun \pri-ˈpän-d(ə-)rən(t)s\

Answer 48

1. N-SING （数量上的）优势，大多数，主体 If there is a preponderance of one type of person or thing in a group, there is more of that type than of any other.
   …a preponderance of bright, middle-class children in one group.
   一个小组中聪明伶俐的中产阶级家庭的孩子占大多数
   …Bath, with its preponderance of small businesses.
   以小企业为主的巴斯地区

Question 49

pre·req·ui·site noun (ˌ)prē-ˈre-kwə-zət\

Answer 49

1. N-COUNT 先决条件；前提；必要条件 If one thing is a prerequisite for another, it must happen or exist before the other thing is possible.
   Good self-esteem is a prerequisite for a happy life…
   良好的自尊是幸福生活的前提。
   Party membership was an essential prerequisite of a successful career.
   成为党员是事业有成必不可少的先决条件。

— prerequisite adjective

Question 50

pre·ser·va·tive adj \pri-ˈzər-və-tiv\

Answer 50

1. N-MASS 防腐剂；保护剂 A preservative is a chemical that prevents things from decaying. Some preservatives are added to food, and others are used to treat wood or metal.
   Nitrates are used as preservatives in food manufacture…
   硝酸盐在食品加工业中被用作防腐剂。
   Though the panels come pre-treated, they needed a final sealing with two coats of preservative.
   虽然这些镶板运来时经过了预处理，但是还需要涂上两层防腐剂进行最后的密封。