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Biochemistry > Glycolysis Metabolism > Flashcards

Glycolysis Metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

During glycolysis, isomerization occurs
during which of the following reactions.

a. Fructose 1,6 bisphosphate ->
dihydroxyacetone phosphate and
glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
b. Fructose 6 phosphate ->
fructose 1,6 bisphosphate
c. Glucose 6- phosphate ->
fructose 6- phosphate
d. Glucose -> glucose 6-
phosphate

A

c. Glucose 6- phosphate ->
fructose 6- phosphate

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2
Q

Transfer of a high-energy phosphoryl group
to ADP, resulting in ATP occurs when the
following conversion takesplace.

a. 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate -> 3-
phosphoglycerate
b. Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) ->
pyruvate
c. 3-Phosphoglycerate -> 2-
phosphoglycerate
d. Both a and b
e. None of the above

A

d. Both a and b

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3
Q

An intramolecular phosphoryl- group
transfer occurs when the following
conversion takesplace.

a. 2-Phosphoglycerate is converted to
phosphoenolpyruvate
b. 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate is converted
to 3-phosphoglycerate
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above

A

d. None of the above

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4
Q

In some Diabetic patients, glucose
increases disproportionately and is
unresponsive to an insulin challenge; under these conditions, how would one’s liver normally respond?

a. Phosphorylating glucose for entry
into the glycolytic pathway
b. Saturating glucokinase with glucose
c. Phosphorylating glucose for entry
into the glycogen synthesis pathways
d. a and b only
e. a and c only

A

e. a and c only

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5
Q

Glucose 6-phosphate
allosterically inhibits
a. Hexokinase I
b. Glucokinase
c. Hexokinase II
d. All of the above
e. a and c only

A

e. a and c only

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6
Q

Phospholfructokinase I deficiency results in:
a. An overproduction of Fructose 6-
phosphate
b. An overproduction of Fructose 1,6
bisphosphate
c. Fructose 1,6 bisphosphate
deficiency
d. a and c only
e. All of the above

A

d. a and c only

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7
Q

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
dehydrogenase causes the following
conversion.

a. The reduction and phosphorylation of
glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to produce
1,3 bisphosphoglycerate
b. The oxidation of a molecule of
NAD+ to NADH
c. Neither a nor b
d. Both a and b

A

d. Both a and b

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8
Q

Which of the following enzymatic reactions
is/are control points for glycolysis:
a. Glucose 6-phosphate isomerase
b. Aldolase
c. Both a and b
d. Neither a nor b

A

d. Neither a nor b

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9
Q

Substrate level phosphorylation describes
the following conversion.

a. Describes the conversion of ADP
into ATP with the addition of inorganic
phosphate every place throughout the
cell
b. Describes the formation of ADP by
phosphoryl group transfer from 1,3
bisphosphoglycerate
c. None of the above
d. Both a and b

A

c. None of the above

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10
Q

Mutase catalized reactions are described
in one of the following.

a. Polymerases which catalyze
phosphoryl group transfers
b. Isomerases which catalyze the transfer
of phosphoryl groups from one part of a
substrate molecule to another
c. Forming intermediate free
phosphate (Pi)
d. All of the above

A

b. Isomerases which catalyze the transfer
of phosphoryl groups from one part of a
substrate molecule to another

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11
Q

Which amino acid’s residue plays a role in
the phosphoglycerate mutase reaction in
glycolysis for muscle and yeast?
a. Leucine
b. Lysine
c. Alanine
d. Histidine

A

d. Histidine

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12
Q

Which of the following mutases catalyze
the formation of a 2,3 BPG intermediate?
a. Muscle phosphoglycerate
mutases
b. Plant phosphoglycerate
mutases
c. Yeast phosphoglycerate
mutases
d. a and c only
e. All of the above

A

d. a and c only

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13
Q

Which of the following is not regulated in
glycolysis?

a. Pyruvate kinase
b. Phosphoglycerate kinase
c. Hexokinase
d. PFK-1

A

b. Phosphoglycerate kinase

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14
Q

Transfer of the phosphoryl group from PEP
to ADP is an example of
a. A mutase reaction
b. Isomerization
c. A dehydrogenase
d. None of the above

A

d. None of the above

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15
Q

Which of the following is not a
metabolically irreversible enzymatic
reaction of glycolysis?
a. Pyruvate kinase reaction
b. PFK-1 reaction
c. Hexokinase/Glucokinase
reaction
d. None of the above

A

d. None of the above

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16
Q

Two molecules of ATP are produced per
glucose during the hexose stage of
glycolysis.
a. True
b. False

A

b. False

17
Q

In glycolysis, there is a net yield of 2
molecules of ATP per molecule of
glucose.
a. True
b. False

A

a. True

18
Q

Isozymes are different proteins from one
species which catalyze different
chemical reactions.
a. True
b. False

A

b. False

19
Q

The reaction catalyzed by PFK-1 is
metabolically reversible.
a. True
b. False

A

b. False

20
Q

Glucose is the only hexose which can enter
the glycolytic pathway.
a. True
b. False

A

b. False

21
Q

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and
dihydroxyacetone phosphate are
substrates in an oxidation and
phosphorylation reaction, which yields a
high energy mixed anhydride.
a. True
b. False

A

b. False

22
Q

Triose phosphate isomerase is not
diffusion controlled.
a. True
b. False

A

b. False

23
Q

Under aerobic conditions yeast cells
convert pyruvate to ethanol and carbon
dioxide.
a. True
b. False

A

b. False

24
Q

Mammals can convert pyruvate to either
ethanol or lactate depending on the
availability of oxygen.
a. True
b. False

A

b. False

25
Q

Lactic acid produced by certain bacteria is
used to curdle milk during cheesemaking.
a. True
b. False

A

a. True

26
Q

All ten steps of the glycolytic pathway
must have negative free energies for
glycolysis to proceed.
a. True
b. False

A

b. False

27
Q

Glucose is the only monosaccharide that
can enter the glycolytic pathway at the
first step. All other monosaccharides enter
at a subsequent step in the pathway.
a. True
b. False

A

b. False

28
Q

The conversion of pyruvate to ethanol
also causes the———
a. oxidation of NADH
b. production of ADP
c. consumption of O2
d. generation of an ion gradient across
mitochondrial membranes

A

a. oxidation of NADH

29
Q

Compared to pyruvate, the carbon atoms in
lactate ——
a. are more reduced
b. are more oxidized
c. are equally as oxidized
d. carry more charge

A

a. are more reduced

30
Q

The enzyme that catalyzes the conversion
of pyruvate to lactate is .———-
a. lactate reductase
b. pyruvate kinase
c. lactoenolpyruvate
d. lactate dehydrogenase

A

d. lactate dehydrogenase

31
Q

What is the function of pyruvate
decarboxylase?
a. The conversion of pyruvate to carbon
dioxide and acetaldehyde.
b. To completely oxidize pyruvate to
three molecules of carbon dioxide.
c. To convert phosphoenolpyruvate to
pyruvate.
d. To regulate PFK-1.

A

a. The conversion of pyruvate to carbon
dioxide and acetaldehyde.

32
Q

Which applies to fructose 1,6-
bisphosphate?

a. inhibitor of pyruvate kinase
b. product of PFK-1 catalyzed step in
glycolysis
c. isomer of glucose 1,6-
bisphosphate
d. all of the above

A

d. all of the above

33
Q

How does the number of molecules of ATP
produced compare for conversion of one
molecule of either glucose or fructose to
pyruvate?
a. fructose produces one less ATP
than glucose
b. fructose produces the same
number of ATP’s
c. fructose produces one more ATP
than glucose
d. fructose produces twice the number
of ATP compared to glucose

A

b. fructose produces the same
number of ATP’s

34
Q

Enzymes which catalyze the same reaction
are called .
a. isozymes
b. complementary enzymes
c. cofactors
d. catalytes

A

a. isozymes

35
Q

Once inside a cell, glucose is rapidly
phosphorylated to glucose-6-phosphate.
What is the main purpose of this
phosphorylation?
a. to keep glucose inside the cell
b. to form a high-energy
compound
c. to activate PFK-1
d. to prevent mutarotation

A

a. to keep glucose inside the cell

36
Q

Which substance causes muscles to
ache during strenuous exercise?
a. pyruvic acid
b. lactose dehydrogenase
c. lactate ion
d. lactic acid

A

d. lactic acid

Biochemistry (10 decks)

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