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2019/2020 ANATOMY > Gluteal region > Flashcards

Gluteal region Flashcards

1
Q

Identify the surface features of the gluteal region

A

Bounded superiorly by iliac crests and inferiorly by gluteal sulcus.
Intergluteal cleft is between the buttocks
Greater trochanter of femur marks lateral extent

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2
Q

Identify the bony landmarks of the gluteal region

A

Iliac crests

Greater trochanter of femur

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3
Q

What are the lines that define the quadrants of the gluteal region?

A

From PSIS to the width of the greater trochanter

Extended from the midpoint of the iliac crest

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4
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the gluteal region?

A

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus

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5
Q

Proximal attachment of the gluteus maximus

A

Iliac crest, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament and coccyx

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6
Q

Distal attachment of the gluteus maximus

A

Iliotibial tract

Some fibres to the gluteal tuberosity of femur

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7
Q

Innervation of the gluteus maximus

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

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8
Q

Action of the gluteus maximus

A

Main extensor of the hip

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9
Q

Proximal attachment of the gluteus medius

A

Gluteal surface of the ilium

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10
Q

Distal attachment of the gluteus medius

A

Lateral surface of greater trochanter

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11
Q

Innervation of the gluteus medius

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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12
Q

Action of the gluteus medius

A

Adducts and medially rotates the hip.

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13
Q

Proximal attachment of the gluteus minimus

A

Gluteal surface of ilium

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14
Q

Distal attachment of the gluteal minimus

A

Anterior side of the greater trochanter

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15
Q

Action of the gluteus minimus

A

Abducts and medially rotates the lower limb.

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16
Q

Innervation of the gluteus minimus

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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17
Q

During locomotion the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus also have what action?

A

Securest the pelvis and prevents pelvic drop of the opposite limb

18
Q

What are the deep muscles of the gluteal region?

A

Piriformis
Obturator internus
Gemelli
Quadratus femoris

19
Q

Proximal attachment of the piriformis

A

Anterior surface of the sacrum

20
Q

Distal attachment of the piriformis

A

Greater trochanter of femur

21
Q

Action of the piriformis

A

Lateral rotation and abduction

22
Q

Innervation of the piriformis

A

Nerve to piriformis

23
Q

Proximal attachment of the obturator internus

A

Pubis and ischium at the obturator foramen

24
Q

Distal attachment of the obturator internus

A

Greater trochanter

25
Q

Action of the obturator internus

A

Lateral rotation and abduction

26
Q

Innervation of the obturator internus

A

Nerve to obturator internus

27
Q

Proximal attachment of the gemelli

A

Superior gemellus: ischial spine

Inferior gemellus: ischial tuberosity

28
Q

Action of the gemelli

A

Lateral rotation and abduction

29
Q

Innervation of the gemelli

A

Superior gemellus: nerve to obturator internus

Inferior gemellus: nerve to quadratus femoris

30
Q

Proximal attachment of the quadratus femoris

A

Lateral side of the ischial tuberosity

31
Q

Distal attachment of the quadratus femoris

A

Quadrate tuberosity on the intertrochanteric crest

32
Q

Action of the quadratus femoris

A

Lateral rotation

33
Q

Innervation of the quadratus femoris

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris

34
Q

What are the spinal nerve roots of the sciatic nerve?

A

L4-S3

35
Q

What is the course of the sciatic nerve in the gluteal region?

A

Forms in the lumbosacral plexus
Emerges into the middles of gluteal region
Leaves region to enter post. compartment of the thigh

36
Q

What are the spinal nerve roots of the pudendal nerve?

A

S2-S4

37
Q

What is the course of the pudendal nerve in the gluteal region?

A

Forms in sacral plexus

emerges in to middle of gluteal region

38
Q

What are the spinal nerve roots of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh?

A

S1-S3

39
Q

What is the course of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh in the gluteal region?

A

Forms in sacral plexus

Emerges into the middle of the gluteal region

40
Q

Intragluteal injections must be administered into what quadrant and why?

A

Superolateral quadrant to avoid injury to the sciatic nerve

41
Q

Injury to the superior gluteal nerve is associated with a trendelenburg gait because ________

A

The gluteus medius and minimus will no longer be able to stabilise the pelvis during locomotion

2019/2020 ANATOMY (3 decks)

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