Gluteal region Flashcards
Identify the surface features of the gluteal region
Bounded superiorly by iliac crests and inferiorly by gluteal sulcus.
Intergluteal cleft is between the buttocks
Greater trochanter of femur marks lateral extent
Identify the bony landmarks of the gluteal region
Iliac crests
Greater trochanter of femur
What are the lines that define the quadrants of the gluteal region?
From PSIS to the width of the greater trochanter
Extended from the midpoint of the iliac crest
What are the superficial muscles of the gluteal region?
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Proximal attachment of the gluteus maximus
Iliac crest, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament and coccyx
Distal attachment of the gluteus maximus
Iliotibial tract
Some fibres to the gluteal tuberosity of femur
Innervation of the gluteus maximus
Inferior gluteal nerve
Action of the gluteus maximus
Main extensor of the hip
Proximal attachment of the gluteus medius
Gluteal surface of the ilium
Distal attachment of the gluteus medius
Lateral surface of greater trochanter
Innervation of the gluteus medius
Superior gluteal nerve
Action of the gluteus medius
Adducts and medially rotates the hip.
Proximal attachment of the gluteus minimus
Gluteal surface of ilium
Distal attachment of the gluteal minimus
Anterior side of the greater trochanter
Action of the gluteus minimus
Abducts and medially rotates the lower limb.
Innervation of the gluteus minimus
Superior gluteal nerve
During locomotion the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus also have what action?
Securest the pelvis and prevents pelvic drop of the opposite limb
What are the deep muscles of the gluteal region?
Piriformis
Obturator internus
Gemelli
Quadratus femoris
Proximal attachment of the piriformis
Anterior surface of the sacrum
Distal attachment of the piriformis
Greater trochanter of femur
Action of the piriformis
Lateral rotation and abduction
Innervation of the piriformis
Nerve to piriformis
Proximal attachment of the obturator internus
Pubis and ischium at the obturator foramen
Distal attachment of the obturator internus
Greater trochanter
Action of the obturator internus
Lateral rotation and abduction
Innervation of the obturator internus
Nerve to obturator internus
Proximal attachment of the gemelli
Superior gemellus: ischial spine
Inferior gemellus: ischial tuberosity
Action of the gemelli
Lateral rotation and abduction
Innervation of the gemelli
Superior gemellus: nerve to obturator internus
Inferior gemellus: nerve to quadratus femoris
Proximal attachment of the quadratus femoris
Lateral side of the ischial tuberosity
Distal attachment of the quadratus femoris
Quadrate tuberosity on the intertrochanteric crest
Action of the quadratus femoris
Lateral rotation
Innervation of the quadratus femoris
Nerve to quadratus femoris
What are the spinal nerve roots of the sciatic nerve?
L4-S3
What is the course of the sciatic nerve in the gluteal region?
Forms in the lumbosacral plexus
Emerges into the middles of gluteal region
Leaves region to enter post. compartment of the thigh
What are the spinal nerve roots of the pudendal nerve?
S2-S4
What is the course of the pudendal nerve in the gluteal region?
Forms in sacral plexus
emerges in to middle of gluteal region
What are the spinal nerve roots of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh?
S1-S3
What is the course of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh in the gluteal region?
Forms in sacral plexus
Emerges into the middle of the gluteal region
Intragluteal injections must be administered into what quadrant and why?
Superolateral quadrant to avoid injury to the sciatic nerve
Injury to the superior gluteal nerve is associated with a trendelenburg gait because ________
The gluteus medius and minimus will no longer be able to stabilise the pelvis during locomotion
