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Anatomy Exam 3 > Gluteal muscles > Flashcards

Gluteal muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Muscles of the Gluteal Region?

A
  • Gluteus maximus
  • Gluteus medius
  • Gluteus minimus
  • Tensor fascia latae
  • Piriformis
  • Obturator internus
  • Superior and inferior gemelli
  • Quadratus femoris
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2
Q

What do the Muscles of the Gluteal Region generally do?

A

Abductors and rotators of thigh

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3
Q

What is the origin (proximal attachment) of the Gluteus maximus?

A
  • Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line
  • Dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx
  • Sacrotuberous ligament
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4
Q

What is the insertion (distal attachment) of the Gluteus maximus?

A
  • Most fibers end in the iliotibial tract, which inserts into the lateral condyle of tibia
  • Some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity
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5
Q

What is the innervation of the Gluteus maximus?

A

Inferior Gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)

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6
Q

What is the main action of the Gluteus maximus?

A

Extends thigh (especially from flexed position) and assists in its lateral rotation; steadies thigh and assits in rising from a sitting position

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7
Q

What is the origin (proximal attachment) of the Gluteus medius?

A

External surface of ilium between anterior and POSTERIOR gluteal lines

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8
Q

What is the insertion (distal attachment) of the Gluteus medius?

A

lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

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9
Q

What is the origin (proximal attachment) of the Gluteus minimus?

A

External surface of ilium between anterior and INFERIOR gluteal lines

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10
Q

What is the insertion (distal attachment) of the Gluteus minimus?

A

Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

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11
Q

What is the origin (proximal attachment) of the Tensor fascia latae?

A

Anterior superior iliac spine; anterior part of iliac crest

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12
Q

What is the insertion (distal attachment) of the Tensor fascia latae?

A

Iliotibial tract which attaches to lateral condyle of tibia

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13
Q

What is the innervation of the Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus, and Tensor fascia latae?

A

Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1)

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14
Q

What is the main action of the Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus, and Tensor fascia latae?

A
  • Abduct and medially rotate thigh
  • keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weigh-bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase
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15
Q

What is the origin (proximal attachment) of the Piriformis?

A

Anterior surface of sacrum; sacrotuberous ligament

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16
Q

What is the insertion (distal attachment) of the Piriformis?

A

Superior border of greater trochanter of femur

17
Q

What is the innervation of the Piriformis?

A

Branches of anterior rami of S1, S2

18
Q

What is the origin (proximal attachment) of the Obturator internus?

A

Pelvis surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones

19
Q

What is the insertion (distal attachment) of the Obturator internus?

A

Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur

20
Q

What is the innervation of the Obturator internus?

A

Nerves to Obturator internus (L5, S1)

21
Q

What is the origin (proximal attachment) of the Superior and inferior gemelli?

A
  • Superior: Ischial spine

- Inferior: Ischial tuberosity

22
Q

What is the insertion (distal attachment) of the Superior and inferior gemelli?

A

Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur

23
Q

What is the innervation of the Superior and inferior gemelli?

A
  • Superior: same nerve supply as Obturator internus

- Inferior: same nerve supply as quadriceps femoris

24
Q

What is the main action of the Piriformis, Obturator internus, and the Superior and inferior gemelli?

A
  • Laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh

- Steady femoral head in acetabulum

25
Q

What is the origin (proximal attachment) of the Quadratus femoris?

A

Lateral border of Ischial tuberosity

26
Q

What is the insertion (distal attachment) of the Quadratus femoris?

A

Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it

27
Q

What is the innervation of the Quadratus femoris?

A

Nerve to Quadratus femoris (L5, S1)

28
Q

What is the main action of the Quadratus femoris?

A
  • Laterally rotates thigh

- Steady femoral head in acetabulum

Anatomy Exam 3 (5 decks)

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