Glutamate Transmission Flashcards
What is the name of the transporter that transports glutamate into cells?
EAAT1-5
What is the name of the transporter that transports glutamate into vesicles?
VGLUT1-3
How is glutamate action terminated?
By diffusion of glutamate and EAAT mediated reuptake
What are the receptors activated by glutamate?
AMPAR, NMDAR, Kainate receptors and mGluRs
What does the Q/R site of GluK1 and GluK2 receptors determine?
Their permeability for Ca2+
Kainic acid induces what in mammals?
Seizures
Domoic acid can cross the blood brain barrier and cause what?
Neurodegeneration
NMDA receptors mediate what kind of excitatory response?
A slowly rising, long lasting EPSP
The Mg2+ block occurs in which receptor?
NMDA receptors
The Mg2+ block is _____ dependent?
Voltage-dependent
For the Mg2+ block to occur the NMDA receptor but be open - what molecules need to be bound for this to happen?
Glycine and glutamate
How is the Mg2+ block of NMDA receptors removed?
As membrane potential is depolarised the magnesium ion block is progressively removed. AMPA receptors are often present at the same synapse - activation of AMPA receptors depolarises the membrane sufficiently to remove the Mg2+ block from the NMDA receptors.
What is evidence that NMDA receptors have a role in epilepsy?
Anticonvulsant activity of antagonists correlate with they affinity for NMDA receptors.
What is evidence that NMDA receptor hypofunction is involved with schizophrenia?
PCP, a NMDA channel blocker, causes psychotic episodes that resemble schizophrenia.
How does glycine affect an NMDA receptor when binding to an NR1 subunit compared to when it bind to a NR3 subunit of an NR1/NR3 NMDA receptor?
The binding to NR3 it leads to ion channel opening but when it binds to NR1 it leads to inhibition due to rapid desensitisation. This is different to when it binds to the NR1 subunit of an NR1/NR2 receptor where it potentiates function.
