Glucose Control Flashcards
What is the value for hypoglycaemia?
<2.5
What does the brain use as its energy source?
glucose
Which hormones influence glucose in the absorptive/post absorptive state?
insulin and glucagon
Which hormone regulates glucose in emergencies?
Adrenaline
Which hormones regulate glucose glucose during starvation?
cortisol and growth hormone
What cells release glucagon?
alpha
What cells release insulin?
beta
What happens to glucose, insulin and glucagon in the absorptive states?
insulin and glucose rise, glucagon falls
What Stimulates conversion of glucose into glycogen?
insulin
What stimulates conversion of glycogen into glucose and triglycerides into fatty acids?
glucagon
How does insulin promote glucose uptake into muscle and fat?
Insulin causes glucose transporter proteins (GLUT4) to be inserted into the plasma membrane of muscle and fat cells from intracellular stores
What inhibits insulin release?
sympathetic activity (e.g. exercise) and fall in glucose levels
How are insulin levels detected?
Oral glucose tolerance test
In type 1 diabetes, what is the defect in?
Defect in beta-cell function
In type 2 diabetes, what is the defect in?
Insulin sensitivity
