Gluconeogenesis & Glycogen

Question 1

Role of insulin

Answer 1

Removal and deposition of carbohydrates after a meal

Question 2

Role of glucagon

Answer 2

Raises concentration of glucose in the blood for periods of hunger

Question 3

Normal blood glucose concentration

Answer 3

4-5mM

Question 4

Blood glucose concentration when hungry

Answer 4

3-4mM

Question 5

Why is the liver involved in gluconeogenesis

Answer 5

To keep the blood glucose concentration high enough

Question 6

Why glycogen is stored in muscles

Answer 6

Used strictly for glycolysis.

Question 7

Result of phosphates when dephosphorlating intermediates during glyconeogenesis

Answer 7

Just released into environment, not put on ADP because there is not enough energy

Question 8

Role of glycogen phosphorylase

Answer 8

Breaks a glucose molecule off a 1-4 linear chain.

Question 9

Role of UTP

Answer 9

Used to form the 1-4 glucose linear bond.

Question 10

What enzyme UTP is used with

Answer 10

UDP-glucose phosphorylase

Question 11

Enzyme used to cleave 4-6 bond

Answer 11

Debrancher enzyme

Question 12

Enzyme used to form 4-6 bonds in glycogen

Answer 12

4:6-transferase

Question 13

How glucagon regulates metabolism after binding to liver receptors

Answer 13

1. cAMP is produced
2. cAMP regulates protein kinase A
3. Protein kinase A phosphorylates a dual enzyme; inactive fructose 2,6 phosphatase becomes active, active phosphofructokinase becomes inactive.
4. Now active fructose-2,6-phosphatase hydrolyses F-2,6-P into F-6-P