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HISTORY IGCSE > Glossary: Depth Study Germany > Flashcards

Glossary: Depth Study Germany Flashcards

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1
Q

armistice

A

ceasefire, an end to the fighting

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2
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

the Treaty that ended WW1

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3
Q

reparations

A

the compensation Germany was made to pay to the allies (set at 6.6 billion pounds)

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4
Q

diktat

A

an agreement forced upon someone

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5
Q

dolchstoss

A

‘the stab in the back’ said about the Weimar politicians when they signed the TofV

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6
Q

November Criminals

A

term used for politicians that signed the TofV

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7
Q

Weimar Republic

A

name given to the new democratic government Germany got after WW1 (1918-1933)

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8
Q

Reichstag

A

main house in the German Parliament

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9
Q

Proportional representation

A

system of voting where the numbers of seats you have in the Reichstag is based off the % of votes gained. Led to lots of political parties

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10
Q

coalition

A

a Government formed from two or more political parties

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11
Q

compromise

A

where no-one gets precisely what they want, they have to give way to other parties’ wished and views

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12
Q

article 48

A

rule in Weimar Constitution that says President can pass laws alone if no agreement can be reached in the Reichstag

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13
Q

hyperinflation

A

were the value of money falls so rapidly it becomes worthless

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14
Q

Ruhr region

A

part of Germany the French and Belgian soldiers occupied to seize goods when the Germans failed to pay reparations

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15
Q

sabotage

A

deliberately breaking equipment and machinery to prevent others using it

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16
Q

Rosa Luxembourg

A

leader of the Spartacists

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17
Q

Karl liebknecht

A

leader of the Spartacists

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18
Q

Wolfgang Kapp

A

leader of the Freikorps’ attempt to seize power

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19
Q

Spartacists

A

left wing group who wanted a Communist revolution, like in Russia. Attempted to seize control of Berlin in 1919

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20
Q

Freikorps

A

right wing group made up mainly of returning soldiers. Gave military support to right wing political parties

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21
Q

Rentenmark

A

the new currency issued by Stresemann to replace the worthless German mark

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22
Q

Dawes Plan

A

introduced in 1924 to reduce Germany’s annual reparation bill

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23
Q

Young Plan

A

introduced in 1929, reduced the overall amount of reparations to 2 billion pounds and gave them another 59 years to pay

24
Q

Locarno Pact

A

1925 - improved relations between France, Germany and Belgium

25
Q

League of Nations

A

international org. set up after WW1 to try and maintain peace

26
Q

Gustav Stresemann

A

Key political figure (chancellor, then foreign minister) during Germany’s good years (1924-1928)

27
Q

Kellogg-Briand Pact

A

agreement between 69 countries, including Germany, not to use war to achieve foreign policy aims

28
Q

DAP

A

The German Workers Party - the party that later became the Nazi Party

29
Q

Anton Drexler

A

leader of DAP

30
Q

NSDAP

A

National Socialist German Workers Party - the official name for the Nazi party

31
Q

Swastika

A

the crooked cross symbol of the Nazi Party

32
Q

Mein Kampf

A

‘My Struggle’. The book Hitler wrote whilst in prison

33
Q

Munich Putsch

A

Hitler’s failed attempt to seize power in 1923

34
Q

Propaganda

A

Methods (speeches, posters etc) to make people believe what you want them to believe. Used very effectively by the Nazis

35
Q

Josef Goebbels

A

Nazi minister for propaganda

36
Q

Wall St Crash

A

The collapse of USA’s financial markets in Oct 1929 which led to the worldwide Great Depression

37
Q

SA (stormtroopers/brownshirts)

A

the first private army of the Nazi Party

38
Q

SS

A

replaced the SA in power and influence - began as a personal bodyguard for Hitler

39
Q

Ernst Rohm

A

leader of SA murdered in 1934

40
Q

Night of Long Knives

A

term used to describe the culling of the SA

41
Q

State of emergency

A

a crisis so great that normal rules of government are suspended and the rulers are given extra powers

42
Q

Gestapo

A

secret police - could arrest and send people to concentration camps without trial

43
Q

Concentration Camps

A

Nazis ultimate weapon against their own people. Harsh forced labour camps. Many deaths through beating, lack of food, overwork

44
Q

The 3 Ks - Kinder, Kirche, Kuche

A

Children, Church, Kitchen, the Nazi ideal for women

45
Q

Lebensborn programme

A

Life Springs Programme ‘donate a baby to the Fuhrer’

46
Q

Hitler Youth

A

Youth Groups set up by the Nazis to train young people to be good Nazis

47
Q

Edelweiss Pirates

A

rebel groups of teenagers who did not conform with Nazi expectations

48
Q

Scapegoat

A

an individual or group who is blamed for everything that goes wrong

49
Q

Nuremberg Laws

A

laws passed in 1935 that persecuted Jews and other minority groups

50
Q

Kristallnacht

A

Night of Broken Glass - state organised violence against German Jews and their property

51
Q

Einsatzgruppen

A

special SS squads responsible for mass shooting of Jews, especially in Russia

52
Q

Ghettos

A

small areas in cities walled off where Jewish people were forced to live in appalling conditions

53
Q

Wannsee Conference

A

Conference in Jan 1942 where leading Nazis took he decision to try and exterminate the remaining Jews of Europe through gassing

54
Q

Concordat

A

an agreement made between Hitler and the Pope about the Catholic Church

55
Q

rearmament

A

policy of increasing armed forces and weapons in preparation for war

56
Q

Strength through Joy (KDF)

A

Set up to replace banned trade unions. Gave people leisure time activities

57
Q

Beauty of Work

A

designed to improve working conditions for people (eg canteens, better lighting, washing facilities)

HISTORY IGCSE (13 decks)

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