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Hinduism > Glossary > Flashcards

Glossary Flashcards

0
Q

Key word: Brahman

A

The universal spirit behind all things

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1
Q

Key word: Atman

A

The soul passed in the Samsara cycle from Brahman to Moksha (where it is reunited with Brahman)

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2
Q

Key word: Brahma

A 
The creator (part of Trimurti) 
Consort = Saraswati 
Vehicle = Swan (wisdom)
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3
Q

Key word: Vishnu

A 
The sustainer (part of Trimurti) 
Consort = Lakshmi 
Vehicle = Cobra (infinity)
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4
Q

Key word: Shiva

A 
The destroyer (part of the Trimurti) 
Consort = Parvati 
Vehicle = Bull
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5
Q

Key word: Brahmin

A

Highest varna (caste) - priests, scholars, preserving teachings

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6
Q

Key word: Samsara

A

Cycle of life, death, rebirth & liberation

Controlled by karma

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7
Q

Key word: Maya

A

Goal to leave pleasure & pain behind to reach a state of bliss

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8
Q

Key word: Varna

A

Caste: Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas & Shudras

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9
Q

Key word: Ashrama

A

Stages of life: students, householder, retired, renunciation

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10
Q

Key word: Dharma

A

Duties: spiritual (Sanatanadharma) or personal (Varnashramadharma)

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11
Q

Key word: Puja

A

Worship - paying respects in homage to God for His blessing, as an individual act of devotion

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12
Q

Key word: Arti

A

Worship using lights (lamp is lit & rotated)

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13
Q

Key word: Mandir

A

Hindu Temple - place of worship

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14
Q

Key word: Kumkum

A

Red powder found in the shrine room/ Mandir, put on statue & own forehead

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15
Q

Key word: Kumbh Mela

A

World’s largest pilgrimage - bathe in Ganges & Sangam, talk with holy people & procession
Haridwar, Ujjain, Nashik & Allahabad (biggest)

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16
Q

Key word: Ahimsa

A

Non-violence to all living things

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17
Q

Key word: Prashaad

A

Food offered to & blessed by God

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18
Q

Key word: Lingam

A

Shiva’s phallus - cosmic pillar reaching from the bowels of earth to the heavens
Signifies his energy to (re)generate life

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19
Q

Key word: Avatar

A

An embodiment/incarnation of a God (V/S/B)

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20
Q

Key word: Trimurti

A

Brahma, Vishnu & Shiva - they have avatars, partners, children & helpers
Embodiment of Brahman

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21
Q

Key word: Moksha

A

Liberation of the Atman (joins Brahman) through Samsara cycle, reached by Karma, Bhakti & Mukti

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22
Q

Key word: Deva

A

God

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23
Q

Key word: Guru

A

Teacher

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24
Q

Key word: Mahabharata

A

World’s longest poem (by Vyasa) - argument between Kauravas and Pandavas
Contains Bhagavad Gita

25
Q

Key word: Ramayana

A

Epic poem - Rama & Sita story - duties, faiths & relationships
Sins washed away if read

26
Q

Key word: Vedas

A

Priest teachings - 4 main parts including Upanishads (‘knowledge’)

27
Q

Key word: Karma yoga

A

Unselfish action - daily work/duties selflessly, without desire for rewards

28
Q

Key word: Jnana yoga

A

Knowledge & understanding - self realisation, deep meditation & oneness with God

29
Q

Key word: Raja yoga

A

Self control over senses & mind, deep contemplation & freed from lust/anger/sadness etc
Highest form of yoga

30
Q

Key word: Bhakti yoga

A

Devotion to God - loving relationship with deity, praising, chanting & singing

31
Q

Key word: Bhajans

A

Hymns/songs

32
Q

Key word: Seva

A

Selfless service to others

33
Q

Key word: Yajna

A

Hindu rituals include an aspect of sacrifice

34
Q

Key word: Shakti

A

Goddess female energy, which gives life or actuates the male God

35
Q

Key word: Darshan

A

‘Viewing’ - paying respects to image & receiving blessing

36
Q

Key word: Havan

A

Sacred fire, blessed by priest, with Goddess Agni & used in worship

37
Q

Key word: Rangoli

A

Special powders made from coloured patters & displayed on ground

38
Q

Key word: Antarala

A

The bit between the main shrine & the Mandap (steps)

39
Q

Key word: Garbagriha

A

‘Womb house’ - centre focus, inner sanctum where Murti (image) of Deity is

40
Q

Key word: Mandap

A

A hall where people sit, in the Mandir

41
Q

Key word: Vahana

A

Vehicle

42
Q

Key word: Diwali

A

Festival of lights, celebrates return of Rama & Sita from exile

43
Q

Key word: Holi

A

Festival of colours

44
Q

Key word: Varanasi

A

City of Shiva - his temple = Vishwanath

45
Q

Key word: Ganga

A

Holy river

46
Q

Key word: Ghats

A

Funeral pyres/site

47
Q

Key word: Allahabad/Haridwar/Ujjain/Nashik

A

Kumbh Mela - Demi Gods hid pot of nectar from Demons there
H/U/N: every 4 years
A: every 12 years

48
Q

Key word: Samskaras

A

16 rituals that mark a new stage of life

49
Q

Key word: Jatakarma

A

Whispering name to baby & placing honey on its tongue (welcomes it)

50
Q

Key word: Harijans

A

‘Children of God’ (Ghandi said) - 5th Varna, below all others

51
Q

Key word: Smriti

A

Teachings interpreted for use of ordinary people

52
Q

Key word: Shruti

A

Hymns & teachings widely used by priests

53
Q

Key word: Aum

A

Sacred syllable which represents God

54
Q

Key word: Vivaha

A

Marriage ceremony

55
Q

Key word: Antyeshti

A

Funeral ceremony

56
Q

Key word: Pindas

A

Rice balls

57
Q

Key word: Shraddha

A

Service of mourning

Blessed food is offered to departed ancestors

58
Q

Key word: Karma

A

‘Action’ - cause & effect - every action has a consequence

59
Q

Key word: Hindu (origin of the word)

A

People of the Indus valley

Hinduism (16 decks)

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