glossary Flashcards
What is a non-living factor of the environment?
Abiotic factor
The ability to focus on near or distant objects by changing the shape of the lens in the eye is called _______.
Accommodation
What term describes a result that is very close to the true answer?
Accurate result
What is active transport?
The movement of particles against a concentration gradient using energy transferred during respiration.
Define adaptation.
A feature or characteristic that helps an organism to survive in its natural environment.
What is aerobic respiration?
Respiration taking place in the presence of oxygen.
What is an allele?
An alternative version of a gene.
What is an alveolus?
A tiny air sac in the lungs, where gas exchange occurs.
What is an amino acid?
A small molecule that is a building block of proteins.
What is anaerobic respiration?
Respiration taking place in the absence of oxygen.
What is an anomalous result?
A result that doesn’t seem to fit with the rest of the data.
Define antibiotic.
A drug used to kill or prevent the growth of bacteria.
What is antibiotic resistance?
When bacteria aren’t killed by an antibiotic.
What is an antibody?
A protein produced by white blood cells in response to the presence of an antigen.
What triggers white blood cells to produce antibodies?
Foreign antigens.
What is an antigen?
A molecule on the surface of a cell or a pathogen.
What is an antitoxin?
A protein produced by white blood cells that counteracts toxins made by invading bacteria.
What does an artery do?
Carries blood away from the heart.
Where does asexual reproduction occur?
Where organisms reproduce by mitosis to produce genetically identical offspring.
What is auxin?
A plant hormone that controls the growth of a plant in response to different stimuli.
What does bias refer to?
Prejudice towards or against something.
What is binary fission?
A type of simple cell division carried out by prokaryotic cells where the cell makes copies of its genetic material before splitting into two daughter cells.
What is the binomial system?
The system used in classification for naming organisms using a two-part Latin name.
Define biodiversity.
The variety of different species of organisms on Earth, or within an ecosystem.
