Glossary

Question 1

Alkaloid

Answer 1

A naturally occuring chemical compound containing basic nitrogen atoms

Include caffeine, nicotine

Question 2

Allele

Answer 2

An alternative form of a gene

Located at the same position, locus, chromosome

Question 3

Diploid

Answer 3

Possessinh two alleles at each genetic locus (one allele inherited by each of the parents)

Question 4

Allelopathy

Answer 4

The chemical inhibition (unterdrückung) of one species by another

-> a form of chemical competition
-> releasing chemicals into the soil etc.

Question 5

Allocation cost

Answer 5

The cost associated with diverting energy and resources away from plant growth and other processes towards defence

Question 6

Arbuscule

Answer 6

Structure formed by certain types of mycorrhizal fungus within cells in a plant root.

The structure never ruptures the plasma membrane of the root cell -> it stays outside of it

Question 7

Convergent evolution

Answer 7

The process whereby organisms that are not closely related evolve similar traits independently of each other as a result of needing to adapt to similar enviroment of ecological niches

Question 8

Ecological costs

Answer 8

These arise from the negative effects of resistance on the interaction of a plant with its abiotic or biotic enviroment