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Q3 Clin Med II Test 3 (GU) > Glom/Polycyst Kidneys > Flashcards

Glom/Polycyst Kidneys Flashcards

1
Q

Renal pain usually where?

A

ipsilat CVA

can radiate to testes/labium

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2
Q

Ureteral pain usually from what?

A

result of obstruction

(U) acute

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3
Q

Vesical (bladder) pain usually from/where?

A

acute urinary retention

suprapubic

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4
Q

Prostatic pain usually from/where?

A

inflamm

perineum

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5
Q

Penile pain (U) from?

A

inflamm from STD

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6
Q

Testicular pain (U) from?

A

acute conditions (i.e. torsion)

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7
Q

Hematuria in adults considered what?

A

malignancy until proven otherwise

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8
Q

Initial Hematuria is?

(U) from?

A

blood at start of stream

(U) urethral

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9
Q

Terminal Hematuria is?

(U) from?

A

blood at end of stream

(U) bladder neck, prostate

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10
Q

GFR dependent on what? (2)

A

Permeability of capillary to water/solutes,

Surface area of capillary

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11
Q

GFR drops how much every year > 40?

A

1%

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12
Q

GFR rate?

A

Male: 125 ml/min
Female: 115 ml/min

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13
Q

Creatine made where/from?

A

liver

arginine/glycine

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14
Q

Creatine primarily stored where?

A

muscles (98%)

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15
Q

Urea is?

Made where/from?

A

Nitrogen-containing metabolite

liver
degration of protein

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16
Q

Urea prdxn depends on what? (3)

A

1) protein in diet
2) catabolic states
3) liver fxn

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17
Q

[Urea] response to renal dz-caused decrease in GFR how?

A

↑

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18
Q

What drugs may cause Hematuria?

A 
Anticoag
Analgesic abuse (papillary necrosis)
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19
Q

Volume overload categorized into what two things?

A

Obstructed venous return (venous stasis)

Systemic processes (CHF, cirrhosis, neph synd)

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20
Q

If edema goes away in the a.m., what is the cause?

A

venous stasis

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21
Q

Dehydration is?

Volume depletion is?

A

loss of pure H2O

loss of Na+ and H2O

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22
Q

Differentiate b/w dehyd and volm dep how?

A

check urine sodium

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23
Q

HypoNa+ is?

A

serum Na+ < 130

Most (C) electrolyte imbalance in hospitalized pts

24
Q

HypoNa+ clinical presentation?

A

↓ serum osmo w/ ↑ urine osmo
No cardiac/renal/liver dz
Normal thyroid/adrenal fxn

25
Q

Asympt HypoNa+ tx?

A

SLOWLY
H2O restriction
Normal saline w/ Lasix (loop)

26
Q

Hypertonic hypoNa+ U seen w/?

A

hyperglycemia

27
Q

HyperNa+ U prevented by what mechanism?

A

thirst

28
Q

HyperNa+ from dehydration presentation?

A

ortho hypoTN

oliguria

29
Q

DI present w/ urine osmo of what?

A

< 250 + hyperNa+

30
Q

HypoK+ presentation?

A

mm weakness, fatigue, cramps

Long T, U, depressed ST

31
Q

HypoK+ tx?

A

oral/IV K+

check Mg if not improving

32
Q

HyperK+ presentation?

A

mm weakness, GI

Tall T, wide QRS

33
Q

HyperK+ tx, first step?

A

Rerun test

Stop any K+ sparing/containing meds

34
Q

HyperK+ tx, toxicity?

A

Insulin + D50W
Abuterol
Hemodialysis (if renal insuff)

35
Q

HypoCa2+ is most C cause of what?

A

renal failure

36
Q

HypoCa2+ presentation?

A

mm spasm
Chovostek/Trousseau
Wide QT

37
Q

HypoCa2+ tx?

A

Oral/IV Ca2+

38
Q

HyperCa2+ U caused by?

A

hyperPTH

*always check PTH levels!

39
Q

HyperCa2+ presentation?

A

constipation, polyuria

stupor, coma

40
Q

HyperCa2+ tx?

A

Saline + Lasix

41
Q

HyperCa2+ tx if caused by malignancy?

A

bisphosphates

42
Q

Glomerulonephritis classifications? (2)

A

1) Renal abnormalities only

2) Caused by systemic dz (i.e. lupus, DM)

43
Q

Glomerulonephritis U caused by?

A

Immune complexes (IgA nephropathy AKA Berger’s)

44
Q

Other causes of Glomerulonephritis?

A

Malig HTN

Hemolytic-Uremic synd

45
Q

Glomerulonephritis lab results?

A

RED CELL CASTS
hematuria
proteinuria (precedes appearance of blood)

46
Q

Berger’s presents in adults?

In children?

A

asympt microscopic (not visible) hematuria

gross (visible) hematuria following URI

47
Q

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura is?

Presents as?

A

most C systemic vasculitis in kids

IgA neph
skin, arthralgia, GI

48
Q

Glomerulonephritis caused by Group A beta-hemolytic Strep epidemiology?

Lab results?

Tx?

A

(U) kids, winter

ASO titers

supportive

49
Q

Wegener’s granulomatosis is?

Lab results?

Other sxs?

A

systemic vasculitis

+ ANCA

pulmonary hemorrhage

50
Q

Goodpasture’s Synd is?

Lab results?

Other sxs?

A

systemic vasculitis

Anti-glom basement memb antibody

pulmonary hemoptysis

51
Q

Glomerulonephritis physical exam findings?

A 
COLA-COLORED URINE
Red cell casts
HTN
Periorbital/Sacral edema
Oliguria
52
Q

Glomerulonephritis lab tests?

A

UA = red cell casts, (P) proteinuria
Cr BUN
Strep (ASO titer)
Blood cx in febrile pts

53
Q

Glomerulonephritis tx?

A

No Na+, K+
Fluid restrict
Loops
Steroids

54
Q

Polycystic Kidney Disease epidemiology?

Presentation?

A

20 - 40 yo
90% inherited

Pain (most C complaint)
Palpable flank mass
HTN (reduced RAAS fxn)
STONES

55
Q

Polycystic Kidney Disease labs?

A

Hgb/Hct (anemia from ↓ erythropoietin pdx or from chronic dz)

Electrolytes
BUN, Cr
UA (protein/blood)
Erythropoietin

56
Q

Polycystic Kidney Disease imaging?

A

Abd renal US

57
Q

Polycystic Kidney Disease tx?

A

Stones: litho, IV/PO fluids
HTN: ACE
Avoid contact sports: rupture kidney cysts

Q3 Clin Med II Test 3 (GU) (6 decks)

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