GLOBULAR PROTEINS Flashcards
Group of specialized proteins that contain heme as a tightly bound prosthetic group.
GLOBULAR HEMEPROTEINS
a hemeprotein present in heart and skeletal muscle functions both as a reservoir for oxygen and as an oxygen carrier that increases the rate of transport of oxygen within the muscle cell.
Myoglobin
STRUCTURE OF HEME
protoporphyrin IX and ferrous iron (Fe2+)
the major hemoglobin in adults, is composed of four polypeptide chains (two 𝛂 chains and two ꞵ chains) held together by noncovalent interactions.
Hemoglobin A,
is the arrangement of multiple protein subunits into a functional unit.
highest level of protein structure.
QUATERNARY STRUCTURE OF HEMOGLOBIN
This protein carries oxygen in the blood. It is made up of four subunits, two each of the alpha and beta types.
Hemoglobin
This enzyme synthesizes new strands of DNA. It is made up of ten subunits.
DNA polymerase:
These organelles are responsible for protein synthesis. They are made up of multiple protein subunits and RNA molecules.
Ribosomes
These proteins help the body fight infection. They are made up of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains
Antibodies
is a plot of Y measured at different partial pressures of oxygen (pO2).
Oxygen-dissociation curve:
are changes in the activity of a protein caused by the binding of a molecule to a site other than the active site.
ALLOSTERIC EFFECT
responsible for the cooperative binding of oxygen.
Heme–heme interactions:
phenomenon where the affinity of HgB to oxygen is inversely related to the concentration of co2
bohr effect
is an important regulator of the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin.
is synthesized from an intermediate of the glycolytic pathway.
2,3- Bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG)
indicates that hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen.
shift to the left
indicates that hemoglobin has a lower affinity for oxygen
shift to the right i
is normally synthesized only during fetal development.
is a tetramer consisting of two α chains plus two γ chains (α2γ2).
Fetal hemoglobin (HbF)
are synthesized in the adult, although at low levels compared with HbA.
: is a minor component of normal adult hemoglobin, first appearing shortly before birth and, ultimately, constituting about 2% of the total hemoglobin. It is composed of two α-globin chains and two δ-globin chains (α2δ2)
Hemoglobin A2:
is the most abundant form of glycosylated hemoglobin. Increased amounts of HbA1c are found in RBC of patients with diabetes mellitus,
Hemoglobin A1c
oftebn caused by vit. 12 deficiency
megaloblastic anemia
