Globasl stratification Flashcards
Global stratification
Unequal distribution of wealth, power, and prestife. Results in people having vastly different chances and lifestyles among nations
Economic inequality
Differences in income and wealth
Social inequality
Extreme lack of social mobility
What is the main cause of economic inequality?
Social inequality (Extreme lack of social mobility)
Absolute poverty=
Abject poverty
1st world country
Richest, capitalist economies (US, Japan, England)2
2nd world country
Moderately developed economy and standard of living (USSR, China, Eastern/Central Europe)
3rd world country
Poorest coutnries, no industrialization, agrarian (Africa/asia)
Development approach/modernization theory (Functionalist perspectice)
WWII- marshall plan. Give $ to former enemies to rebuild economy, creating “golden age of capitalism”. Poorest nations benefit from massive amounts of $. **Developed nations assuemd exonomic development was 1st priority- potentially costing people their way of life
Truman wanted to raise standard of living by
Raising GNP
Why didn’t raising GNP reduce poverty?
high population growth- wealth flows from children to parents (and no family planning), people taking money for themselves
Low income
GDP <$1,100 per capita. 1/2 world’s population, mostly asia and africa. Usually migrant workers, women and children have it worse.
Middle income
$1,100-12,500 per capita. El salvador, mexico, hungary. 1/3 of world population. High levels of debt to world bank, can’t pay back. Cutting spending on programs that would improve quality of life.
High income
> $12,500 per capita. Some nations suffer from jobs moving to cheaper countries.
Dependence theory
Assuming that low levels of development in low/mid level income nations are due to exonomic explotation by high income nations. EG belize- natural resources sapped by Britain, only able to use tourism
Human development measured by
Life expectancy
Infant Mortality
Adult literacy
Ethnic groups EX
Jews, christians, muslims
Members of ethnic groups are identified based on shared
Cultural practices, food, religion, language, etc
Genetica methods of sequencing heritage
Don’t support the classification of humans into distinct races
Race groups have
Important social meanings that shape our beliefs and actions- society compels us to think racially
Race society says that
People look different and act different, must be different
Eugenics
Darwin’s theory of evolution was used to legitimize discrimination against POC and poor whites
2060 projections for race
45% white, 27% hispanic, 13% black, 9% asian, 4$ mixed
~80% of population increase in next 25 years in US is preficted to be because of
Immigrants and descendents
Why do people immigrate to america?
Jobs- more openings because boomers are retiring
