globalisation - examples/case studies Flashcards
online purchasing on amazon (offering manufacturing companies, sellers, writers and musicians access to global market)
economic globalisation
in first century BC, interlinking trade routes connecting asia with europe
early globalisation - history
britain became leading world power using steam tech, railway networks expanded, trans-siberian railway (moscow to china and japan)
globalisation through 1800s
Boeing 747 aided international travel and made it more common
globalisation in 1960s
trade when Columbus reached America
globalisation after 1492
colonialism - British Empire controlled quarter of the world
globalisation by the end of the 19th century
international cooperation after WWI
history of globalisation
first telegraph cables across the atlantic, replaced three week boat journey with instant communication
history of globalisation
large amounts of data could be moved through cyberspace
globalisation in 1980s and 1990s
first GPS satellite launched
globalisation in 1970
old silk road
early globalisation
americainisation, McDonaldisation (adapting menu to suite the place that they are serving in), Disney land serves wine in france but not florida
cultural globalisation - glocalisation
amazon - e-tailer, quick delivery times allow amazon to take advantage of global connections to reduce the costs of storing large numbers of items in warehouses for long periods
2014 base in shanghai established, chinese sales rising because china’s wealth increased
in a world without borders (hard to keep track of sales in each country) so is hard to keep track of how much business tax they owe
product of digital age, benfits of globalisation to TNCs
facebook and twitter (X) - more circulation of ideas and information
cultural globalisation
growth of UN, EU
growth of trading blocs - political globalisation
container ships from China to Suffolk hold 19 224 containers, used to hold 4000 on average
increase in trade - political globalisation
US has most economic and military power in the world
opening world markets and expanding trade (originated in America) - global connections
north korea is extremely isolated mostly due to politics (communist dictatorship) - run by one family which has complete control over the entire country, citizens can’t freely leave
unconnected country
poorer african countries, telephone lines never laid and they’re leap frogging to mobile phone use, more people using because of fally prices
helping countries become better connected
500 million tweet being sent each day, 58% of pop using internet - skype, whatsapp, facetime, X, instagram
increase in global connection
World bank - 189 members, began in 1945, aim to reduce global poverty, worked closely with UN to half global poverty by 2015
russian invasion of ukraine, geo-political tectonic plates
negative impacts of globalisation
shenzhen was small fishing village in 1970s (pop 30k), exempting any business within boundries from paying regional and national tax for 10 years of operation, attracted huge numbers of businesses and workers, state payed for infrastructure built, SEZs away from beijing, record number of FDIs attracted between 1991-2010
open door policy in china - growth of china
30% of china lived in poverty in 1978, became member of world bank and IMF in 1980, 500000000 lifted out of poverty since
positive affects of globalistion on china - development of china
joined WTO in 2001 - one of 10 largest economies, 5th largest exporter, trades with EU, Japan, US, 2006 80% of world’s electronics manufactured in china, trying to get more trade partners
trade policy in china - postives of globalisation for china
- Belt and Road Initiative - physical geography inhibits mass trade in globalised world - bordered by mountains and deserts, eastern seaboard only accessed shipping routes through small international lanes and territorial waters of other nations, estimated to cost $4-8 trillion and focus on projects along 6 overland routes and maritime lane through south china sea and indian ocean
china seeking to secure access to trade routes and increase political influence
China invest in many african countries (madagascan vanilla, sub-saharan countries for vital natural resources like oil, liquefied natural gas) don’t really care about corruption of country they’re investing in, want maximum return
access to new markets in china - postives of globalisation for china
- IMF - prevents financial crisis, increasing focus on providing money to developing world in form of loans, bailed out countries suffering from debt crisis (2009 Greece), brought about economic stability in post war era
international monetary fund - global governance
