globalisation Flashcards
what is globalisation
the process by which people, culture, finance, goods and information transfer between countries
positive impacts of globalisation
overall world development increased
more travel and job opportunities
more aid for poorer countries
negative impacts of globalisation
lack of humanity and motivation
disputes of trade and migration
economic globalisation
growth of TNCs accelerates cross-border exchanges of raw materials, components and finish manufactured goods, shares, investment and purchasing
information and communication (ICT) supports growths of complex spatial divisions of labour for firms
online purchasing using Amazon on a smart phone
social globalisation
international immigration has created extensive family networks across nation borders - leading to multi-ethnic societies
global improvements in education and health can be seen over time, with rising life expectance and literacy and slowly declining birth rates
social interconnectivity has grown thanks to the spread of universal connection such as mobiles, e-mail and the internet
political globalisation
the growth of trading blocs (EU, NAFTA) allows TNCs to merge and make acquisition of firms in neighbouring countries, while reduced tariff makes it grow
global concerns such as free trade, credit crunch and global response to natural disasters
the world bank, IMF and the WTO work internationally to harmonise national economies
cultural globalisation
successful western cultural traits come and dominate e.g. americanisation or McDonaldisation
glocalisation of hybridisation are more complex and take place when old local cultures merge and meld with influences
the circulation of ideas and info has accelerated thanks to 24 hour reporting: people also keep in touch using Facebook and Twitter
amazon
product of digital age - e-tailer
quick delivery times allow amazon to take advantage of global connections to reduce the costs of storing large numbers of items in warehouses for long periods
2014 base in shanghai established, chinese sales rising because china’s wealth increased
in a world without borders (hard to keep track of sales in each country) so is hard to keep track of how much business tax they owe
amazon using internet technology
has media machine selling music, movies and books, through its 11 websites
offers manufacturing companies, sellers, writers and musicians access to global market through its warehouses
grown from online bookseller to world’s leading e-tailer
amazon prime offers online TV and films
Kindles give customers 24 hours a day access anywhere
factors affecting how connected a country is
international trade - diversity, volume
political links
internet access
migration
physical geography
infrastructure
population size/makeup
investments
affect of ICT on globalisation
information and communications technology, transformed how citizens business and states interact with one another
allows managers of different offices to keep in touch in business - TNCs helped to expand
maintains long distance relationships
cultural traits are imitated fast
social networks raise awareness about issues and fight for change globally
cyberspace and globalisation
large amounts of data could be moved through cyberspace in 1980s and 1990s
first GPS satellite launched in 1970s - deliveries can be tracked, helping growth of global production networks to be managed
social media and globalisation
since 1960s when internet was a way of linking important research computers, connectivity has grown exponentially
500 million tweets being sent each day, 58% of pop using internet
what is a multi-polar world?
more than two dominant
