Globalisation EQ3 (3.3)

Question 1

what is development ?

Answer 1

the social and economic disparity between the wealthy and the poor. The western view of development is industrialisation and urbanisation

Question 2

what are the 2 ways there can be a development gap ?

Answer 2

between countries and within countries

Question 3

what is the best way to measure development ?

Answer 3

composite measures for example the human development index (HDI) which combines life expectancy, income and years in education.

Question 4

how is income inequality measured in countries ?

Answer 4

using the Gini coefficient. The blue line is the Lorenz curve and to find the Gini coefficient you must take away area A from area B. If it equals zero it means there is perfect equality.

Question 5

what are some examples of the winners and losers of globalisation ?

Answer 5

winners:

• billionaires who have made money through TNC’s
• rising middle class in china
• people who work for TNC’s in developed countries

losers:

• rural populations in Asia and africa
• workers in old industrialised cities e.g Detroit
• exploited workers in sweatshops
• slum dwellers in developing cities like lagos

Question 6

how is the environmental impact of development measured ?

Answer 6

using ecological footprints

Question 7

what is an example of countries ecological footprints compared to their income per capita ?

Answer 7

Comparing Sweden to China you can see that whilst both has seen rises in their income per capita Sweden have not increased their ecological footprint whilst China has.

Question 8

what is a diaspora ?

Answer 8

the dispersal of a population overseas

Question 9

what is an ethnoscape ?

Answer 9

a landscape of certain ethnicities

Question 10

what factors have increased migration ?

Answer 10

• open borders to migration within the EU
• FDI which encourages TNC workers to go overseas
• humanitarian crises such as civil war in Syria

Question 11

What is an example of cultural diversity ?

Answer 11

In recent statistics it was found that the parents of 65% of people born in London have been born outside of the UK

Question 12

what are the reasons for the diversity in London ?

Answer 12

open borders, deregulation and FDI

Question 13

what is some evidence for tensions due to immigration in Europe ?

Answer 13

• brexit vote fuelled by immigration
• anti immigration parties such as UKIP, national front in France and freedom party in Austria
• in 2014 51% of Swiss voted to stop mass immigration

Question 14

what are some prohibited and illegal flows ?

Answer 14

prohibited:

• Cuba to USA (trade embargo)
• world to china(informtion like BBC and facebook)

illegal:

• Afghanistan to UK (opium trade)
• Colombia to USA (cocaine trade)

Question 15

what are some examples of government policy to reduce the impact of globalisation ?

Answer 15

• the internet banned in North Korea
• China censors many internet sites to protect their communist ideas
• UK and Australia used point based immigration systems to limit migration
• trade protectionism such as Trump’s recent tariffs on certain materials to protect america’s industry

Question 16

what is sustainability ?

Answer 16

meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

Question 17

what is an example of local sourcing ?

Answer 17

Nissan gets its magnetic wire from Indiana rather than from Japan

Question 18

what are the costs of local sourcing ?

Answer 18

• can be expensive

- halted economic development in developing countries

Question 19

what are the benefits of local sourcing ?

Answer 19

• good for PR
• good for local companies
• easier to transport
• shorter supply chains
• better for the environment as less pollution from transportation

Question 20

what are the ethical and environmental concerns of globalisation ?

Answer 20

• consumer goods made using exploited labour
• farmers don’t get a fair price for their products
• global warming from transportation
• we are using excessive resources during production, packaging and transport

Question 21

what are fair trade products ?

Answer 21

they pay the farmers of the product a fair amount for what they are producing. This attempts to reduce the inequality of global trade however it makes the products more expensive for the consumer.