Globalisation eq2 Flashcards
what is environmental degradation
Environmental degradation is the deterioration in environmental quality from ambient concentrations of pollutants and other activities and processes such as improper land use and natural disasters.
Low wage migrants
Cheap labour workers who come to fill
manual/unskilled labour shortages. Often
get gig economy jobs in sectors like
cleaning, catering or construction.
Interdependence
Countries becoming further reliant on
each other because of ‘When America
sneezes the rest of the world catches a
cold’.
Host
The country where the migrant goes to.
Remittances
Money sent back to the migrants source
country
Source
The country where the migrant comes
from
Elite migration
Skilled, wealthy migrants, often experts
in finance and investment (often
employed in the knowledge economy)
Hub City
Cities with a major influence, based on:
finance, law, political strength, innovation
and ICT.
Brain drain
When the educated workforce leave a
country, as they have the skills another
country needs.
International
migration
Migration between countries (across
international borders).
Internal migration
Migration within a nation.
Economic migrants
Migrants who move for economic
purposes (e.g. employment, wages etc.)
Gig economy
Low paid, seasonal, zero hour contract.
Jobs in this sector receive no benefits
associated with permanent work.
Knowledge economy
An economy based on knowledge and
skills, high levels of education.
Globalisation
The world becoming more connected, the
spread of people, money, goods and
ideas due to little or no barriers
Deindustrialisation
the decline of manufacturing industry in
an area
Foreign Direct
Investment (FDI)
Investment made by an overseas
company or organisation into a company
or organisation which is based in another
country
Global shift
The movement of manufacturing from
Europe and the USA to many Asian
countries
Glocalisation
When a company re-styles its products
to suit local tastes
Hyper-urbanisation
Rapid urbanisation (% increase of people
living in cities)
Off-shoring
When a company does work overseas,
either itself or using another company
Outsourcing
When work is contracted out to another
company (known as off-shoring when
that company is overseas).
Shrinking world
The concept that the world is becoming
metaphorically smaller because the time
it takes to trade and communicate
globally has been massively reduced.
Tariffs
A tax that is paid on goods coming into or
going out of a country.
Trade Liberalisation
The removal of trade barriers such as
subsidies, tariffs and quotas.
World Trade
Organisation (WTO)
A global organisation which looks at the
rules for how countries trade with each
other.
What do we mean by global hub/ world cities?
Hub/ world cities are cities with a major influence, based on: finance, law, political strength, innovation and ICT. Many hubs host major TNCs and are decision makers. They tend to be places of increasing flows (people, culture, trade ETC).
cultural diffusion definition
is the exchange of ideas between different people as they mix and interact as a result of globalisation.
Western culture has been spread by cultural diffusion as….
- Migrants move and spread their ideas and customs
- Tourism brings people into contact with new cultures
- TNCs spread their brands and products around the world.
- Global media organisations like Disney, CNN and the BBC spread a western view of world events.
What is the difference between cultural diffusion and cultural erosion?
Cultural diffusion is the spread of cultural ideas, beliefs, and practices between cultures. Cultural erosion is the loss of specific cultural ideas, beliefs, or practices due to cultural diffusion
