Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography AS > Globalisation definitions > Flashcards

Globalisation definitions Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

BRIC groups

A

Used to refer to 4 fastest growing economies (Brazil, Russia, India, China), but now has 10 members

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Deregulation

A

reduction in rules that means foreign businesses can set up in the UK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

foreign acquisition

A

TNC launches takeover of company in another country

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

FDI

A

financial injection made by a TNC into another country’s economy (acquire facilities or merge with existing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

free market privatisation

A

transferring ownership of a state asset to the private sector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

free trade

A

trade without barriers e.g. tariffs and quotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

global production network

A

chain of connected suppliers of parts / materials that contribute to assembly of consumer goods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

global shift

A

relocation of manufacturing industries from developed to emerging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

glocalisation

A

company rebrands a product to suit local tastes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

GDP

A

same as GNI but excluding foreign earnings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

GNI

A

value of goods and services earned by a country

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

intermodal containers / containerisation

A

large capacity storage units that can be transported long distances using multiple modes of transport without the need to remove freight from containers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

IMF

A

global organisation whose primary role is to maintain international financial stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

IGOs

A

comprise of 2+ organisations working together e.g. IMF, UN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

JIT

A

time between production and delivery is sharply reduced -> cheaper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

nationalism

A

political movement focusing on national independence / abandonment of policies viewed as threatening to sovereignty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

neoliberalism

A

belief in free flow of people, capital, finance, and resources- state interventions in economy are minimised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

post industrial / new / knowledge economy

A

GDP earned through expertise and creativity in services such as finance and media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

offshoring

A

TNCs move part of production process to other countries to reduce labour costs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

outsourcing

A

TNCs contract another company to produce goods / services -> complex supply chains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

protectionism

A

economic policy of controlling trade by implementing trade restrictions in order to disadvantage foreign firms and protect domestic ones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

quota

A

only limited number of products allowed to be imported into a country

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

remittances

A

income sent home in emigrants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

shrinking world

A

distant places feel closer due to improvements in transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

SWF

A

government owned investment funds, typically associated with countries with large revenues from oil

26
Q

subsidies

A

grants given by governments to increase profitability of key industries

26
Q

trade blocs

A

intergovernmental agreement where regional trade barriers are lifted

26
Q

SEZs

A

industrial area, often near coastline, where favourable conditions created to attract TNCs

26
Q

transfer pricing

A

companies channel profits through subsidiary companies in low tax countries

26
Q

trade liberalisation

A

removal of trade barriers

26
Q

product standardisatiob

A

helps ensure products are compatible with each other and of a high standard

26
Q

tariffs

A

taxes applied om goods traded across international borders

26
Q

TNC

A

large business that operates in more than one country

27
Q

World Bank

A

uses bank deposits placed by world’s wealthiest countries to provide loans for development in other countries

28
Q

WTO

A

organisation that seeks a substantial reduction in barriers to trade -> neoliberalism

29
Q

time space compression

A

distant places feel closer as it takes less time to reach them- perceptions

30
Q

austerity programmes

A

governments reduce debt by cutting spending in public sector pay e.g. health / education

31
Q

structural adjustment programmes

A

privatisation of state assets, austerity programmes etc

32
Q

globalisation

A

ongoing process by which countries become increasingly interconnected (wider and deeper)

33
Q

global production network

A

chain of connected suppliers who contribute to manufacturing of consumer goods

34
Q

global hub

A

city that is highly connected globally and therefore a focal point for global activities

35
Q

culture

A

shared customs of a group

36
Q

cultural traits

A

culture broken down into individual parts e.g. clothing, language

37
Q

cultural imperialism

A

promoting one nation’s culture in another

38
Q

soft power

A

influence a country derives from its culture e.g. media channels

39
Q

homogenous culture

A

everyone follows same set of cultural norms, therefore a distinct lack of cultural diversity

40
Q

cultural pluralism

A

more than one culture coexists, each one maintaining its defining characteristics

41
Q

cultural hybridism

A

multiple cultures mix to form and entirely new culture

42
Q

cultural diffusion

A

spread of cultural ideas from one area to another

43
Q

cultural erosion

A

loss of weakening of key parts of a specific culture

44
Q

cultural landscape

A

landscape has been changed through a combination of physical (historical and modern) and human (languages, traditions) processes

45
Q

UNESCO

A

UN Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation

46
Q

pessimistic hyperglobalisers / anti globalisers

A

concerned that cultures are being eroded and ecosystems devalued

47
Q

optimistic hyperglobalisers / pro globalisers

A

think that globalisation and cultural erosion can bring about positive change on a global scale

48
Q

deindustrialisation

A

decline of regionally important
manufacturing industries

49
Q

economic restructuring

A

Western urban areas shifting from a manufacturing to a service
sector economic base.

50
Q

refugee

A

someone who leaves their home because of fear of persecution based on religion, race, or politics, and gains refugee status in the country they have moved to

51
Q

source + host regions

A

source = country that migrants leave
host = country that receives migrants

52
Q

economic migrant

A

migrant whose primary motivation is to seek employment

53
Q

internal migration

A

within borders of country e.g. rural-urban, counter

54
Q

megacity

A

population over 10 million

Geography AS (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions