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Human Geography > Globalisation Case Studies > Flashcards

Globalisation Case Studies Flashcards

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1
Q

typical income in India

A

£40 per week

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2
Q

Working hours in India

A

10hrs a day, 6 days a week

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3
Q

Why is India recieving global recognition?

A

Innovation in data processing which is leading to more specialised highly paid work for Indian population

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4
Q

What is the impact of a growing middle class?

A

More disposable income and fuel consumption

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5
Q

Indian poverty stats

A

more people in absolute poverty than all of Africa

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6
Q

Link between GDP and CO2

A

“GDP has a direct, proportional relationship with the extent of CO2 emissions in India”- WTO

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7
Q

Environmental impacts of global shift on India

A

Increased fuel consumption and waste

Increased slum housing as people move to cities in search of better work

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8
Q

What is the most spoken language on the internet?

A

Chinese

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9
Q

Size of middle class in China

A

300 Million

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10
Q

Poverty stats in China

A

Poverty reduced by 680 million people, 74% decrease since the 1980s

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11
Q

Literacy rate in China

A

94% of people over 15 are literate

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12
Q

Number of airports in China

A

250

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13
Q

Pollution of Chinese water

A

70% of fresh water
100 cities with severe water shortages
Chongqing tap water contains 101 forbidden toxins

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14
Q

Farmland degredation in China

A

40% of farmland experiencing degredation

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15
Q

Biodiversity stats in China

A

50% decrease in terrestrial vertebrates since 1970s

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16
Q

HIPC in Africa

A

Heavily indebted poor countries
Countries with debt to high to lower by traditional methods
14 African countries debt completely written off
Critics say parameters are too strict

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17
Q

Pakistan and WTO

A

Joined in 1995
Forced to open up 200km exclusion zone around the coast to international competition
TNC trawlers from India profit- locals in poverty

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18
Q

Vietnam and WTO

A

ASEAN and EU renegotiate in 2014
All duties and quota’s removed
31 million jobs in EU and 90 million consumers in Vietnam

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19
Q

% of guatemalan cotten exported in 1980s

A

75%

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20
Q

Why Guatamala stopped raw cotten production in 2005

A

WTO forced them to produce raw cotten- less profitable and more land then processed cotten,
out competed, cheap labour force making tshirts

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21
Q

Why is african trade so poor?

A

Poor infrastructure
government corruption
AIDs pandemic affecting working population
WTO forced their markets open without reducing MEDC tariffs
MEDC products in africa undercut local producers

22
Q

When did Ghana join the WTO

A

1995

23
Q

What dictates global cocoa prices?

A

1) COMMODITY TRADERS- trade in future markets to ensure supply- downward pressure on prices
2) OVERSEAS TARIFFS- Tariff in EU on processed cocoa not unprocessed- Ghana sells unprocessed to keep price low
3) UNEQUAL POWER- Ghana government not allowed to subsidies farmers, EU and USA openly do it

24
Q

Who is Africa’s biggest trading partner

A

China, $160 billion in goods exchanged per year

Over 1 million chinese traders/ labourers moved in africa in past 10 years

25
Q

Why does China have no political ambitions in Africa

A

Africans distrust Chinses- demand transparency and regard for their human rights.
Failed attempts of China to prevent Sudanese civil war

26
Q

Why is DR Congo a switched off location?

A

Centuries of colonialism draining their resources
Faction wars funded internationally to perpetuate conflict
Racial cleansing + government corruption siphoning money off investment

27
Q

Advances in global technology over time

A

1970: First GPS satellite launched
1973: First mobile phone
1988: Internet goes international
2012: Flighs carrying 300 000 including cargo

28
Q

Reason for African debt

A

Oil price up in 1970s, middle east rich, invest in western banks- this money then loaned to africa to build power stations
Global interest rates doubled in 1980s, loan repayment increases- africa can’t pay- repayment delayed to prevent WB collapse
Africa made spending cuts in education and healthcare- cycle of poverty continues

29
Q

Banana wars explained

A

7% EU bananas from Caribbean, 75% from US multinationals- USA think EU favour Caribbean
USA won 1997 WTO trial- EU removed quotas from caribbean
America imposes 100% import duties on EU

30
Q

How did TNCs impact the Banana wars

A

Chiqueta- republican US multinational

Donate $0.5 million to democratic party- less than 24 hrs later, Clinton brings case to WTO

31
Q

Why is North Korea switched off

A

Political Isolation- extreme ideologies and refusal to honour international law

32
Q

Why are the Himilayas switched off

A

Physical isolation- harsh mountainous terrain and lack of transport links

33
Q

Why is Sahel switched off

A

Econolically isolated- mostly subsistence farming, language barrier due to local dialects make it difficult to establish trade lisnks

34
Q

Why are russian oligarchs moving to London

A

Seeking haven from deteriorating international relations
Distrust of russian banks + collapse of pensions in 90s,
London housing market allows them to conceal assets from international sanction
Londan is the centre of international litigation

35
Q

Why is London allowing russian oligarchs to settle

A

Gilt investment between £1 million and £10 million required for UK citezenship fast track
Russians account for 20% of all investor visa’s granted

36
Q

Why is the mass exodus of oligarchs a problem in russia

A

Major cash flight + economic stutter

37
Q

Why is the movement of russian oligarchs a problem for the UK

A

Cameron accused of hypocracy when he criticised french for providing russian war gallions when he is harbpuring oligarchs in his capital

38
Q

Why are Indians moving to UAE

A

Oil creating jobs, typical wage of $300 per month for Indians
No federal income tax, better quality of life

39
Q

How is India benefiting from population moving to UAE

A

Reduced strain on public services- remittence money made in UAE returned to India

40
Q

Why is the Indian movement to UAE bad for UAE

A

Smuggling and narcotics trade in UAE proliferated by difficult to monitor migration

41
Q

How is India being exploited by UAE

A

Workers not compensated for oil rig accidents, exploited

42
Q

Cultural erosion in Amazonia

A

Indigenous people becoming aware of western culture- style of dress modernising
Young generation choosing to move into cities- decay of traditional lifestyle
Hunting jaguars in peru almost to extinction

43
Q

French reaction to globalisation

A

Law dictates 40% of tv output must be french productions

Government subsidise french film making

44
Q

Chinese reaction to globalisation

A

“Great fire wall of China” + 34 foreign movies per year allowed (Quota)

45
Q

Tension in EU causes by globalisation

A

8 eastern european countries joined the eu in 2004
Mass post accession migration, 1 million eatern europe migrants in UK
Locals beliece young migrants increase crude birth rate beyond school capacity
poor behaviour of young brits in europe

46
Q

Rise of EU nationalism

A

Nationalist parties command significant support in the EU
opposition to migration, rejection of multiculturalism, rise of facism
Nationalist alliance in recent European Parliament elections

47
Q

Fairtrade and coffee

A

coffee price plummets in 2001, Fairtrade emerges in 2002
Cause influx of cofee producers which puts downward pressure on prices
Decreased pesticide usage 80%, reduced worker exploitation
Audit fee of £1200

48
Q

Ethical shopping and Marks & Spencers

A

Voluntary code of conduct- sets out basic workers rights
M&S reduce carbon emissions through buying from small foreign businesses
Cannot prevent businesses demanding lower prices
Supply chain monitored to hold large businesses accountable (Primark sweatshops)

49
Q

Fairtrade and coffee

A

coffee price plummets in 2001, Fairtrade emerges in 2002
Cause influx of cofee producers which puts downward pressure on prices
Decreased pesticide usage 80%, reduced worker exploitation
Audit fee of £1200

50
Q

Ethical shopping and Marks & Spencers

A

Voluntary code of conduct- sets out basic workers rights
M&S reduce carbon emissions through buying from small foreign businesses
Cannot prevent businesses demanding lower prices
Supply chain monitored to hold large businesses accountable (Primark sweatshops)

Human Geography (11 decks)

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