Globalisation Case Studies Flashcards
typical income in India
£40 per week
Working hours in India
10hrs a day, 6 days a week
Why is India recieving global recognition?
Innovation in data processing which is leading to more specialised highly paid work for Indian population
What is the impact of a growing middle class?
More disposable income and fuel consumption
Indian poverty stats
more people in absolute poverty than all of Africa
Link between GDP and CO2
“GDP has a direct, proportional relationship with the extent of CO2 emissions in India”- WTO
Environmental impacts of global shift on India
Increased fuel consumption and waste
Increased slum housing as people move to cities in search of better work
What is the most spoken language on the internet?
Chinese
Size of middle class in China
300 Million
Poverty stats in China
Poverty reduced by 680 million people, 74% decrease since the 1980s
Literacy rate in China
94% of people over 15 are literate
Number of airports in China
250
Pollution of Chinese water
70% of fresh water
100 cities with severe water shortages
Chongqing tap water contains 101 forbidden toxins
Farmland degredation in China
40% of farmland experiencing degredation
Biodiversity stats in China
50% decrease in terrestrial vertebrates since 1970s
HIPC in Africa
Heavily indebted poor countries
Countries with debt to high to lower by traditional methods
14 African countries debt completely written off
Critics say parameters are too strict
Pakistan and WTO
Joined in 1995
Forced to open up 200km exclusion zone around the coast to international competition
TNC trawlers from India profit- locals in poverty
Vietnam and WTO
ASEAN and EU renegotiate in 2014
All duties and quota’s removed
31 million jobs in EU and 90 million consumers in Vietnam
% of guatemalan cotten exported in 1980s
75%
Why Guatamala stopped raw cotten production in 2005
WTO forced them to produce raw cotten- less profitable and more land then processed cotten,
out competed, cheap labour force making tshirts
Why is african trade so poor?
Poor infrastructure
government corruption
AIDs pandemic affecting working population
WTO forced their markets open without reducing MEDC tariffs
MEDC products in africa undercut local producers
When did Ghana join the WTO
1995
What dictates global cocoa prices?
1) COMMODITY TRADERS- trade in future markets to ensure supply- downward pressure on prices
2) OVERSEAS TARIFFS- Tariff in EU on processed cocoa not unprocessed- Ghana sells unprocessed to keep price low
3) UNEQUAL POWER- Ghana government not allowed to subsidies farmers, EU and USA openly do it
Who is Africa’s biggest trading partner
China, $160 billion in goods exchanged per year
Over 1 million chinese traders/ labourers moved in africa in past 10 years
Why does China have no political ambitions in Africa
Africans distrust Chinses- demand transparency and regard for their human rights.
Failed attempts of China to prevent Sudanese civil war
Why is DR Congo a switched off location?
Centuries of colonialism draining their resources
Faction wars funded internationally to perpetuate conflict
Racial cleansing + government corruption siphoning money off investment
Advances in global technology over time
1970: First GPS satellite launched
1973: First mobile phone
1988: Internet goes international
2012: Flighs carrying 300 000 including cargo
Reason for African debt
Oil price up in 1970s, middle east rich, invest in western banks- this money then loaned to africa to build power stations
Global interest rates doubled in 1980s, loan repayment increases- africa can’t pay- repayment delayed to prevent WB collapse
Africa made spending cuts in education and healthcare- cycle of poverty continues
Banana wars explained
7% EU bananas from Caribbean, 75% from US multinationals- USA think EU favour Caribbean
USA won 1997 WTO trial- EU removed quotas from caribbean
America imposes 100% import duties on EU
How did TNCs impact the Banana wars
Chiqueta- republican US multinational
Donate $0.5 million to democratic party- less than 24 hrs later, Clinton brings case to WTO
Why is North Korea switched off
Political Isolation- extreme ideologies and refusal to honour international law
Why are the Himilayas switched off
Physical isolation- harsh mountainous terrain and lack of transport links
Why is Sahel switched off
Econolically isolated- mostly subsistence farming, language barrier due to local dialects make it difficult to establish trade lisnks
Why are russian oligarchs moving to London
Seeking haven from deteriorating international relations
Distrust of russian banks + collapse of pensions in 90s,
London housing market allows them to conceal assets from international sanction
Londan is the centre of international litigation
Why is London allowing russian oligarchs to settle
Gilt investment between £1 million and £10 million required for UK citezenship fast track
Russians account for 20% of all investor visa’s granted
Why is the mass exodus of oligarchs a problem in russia
Major cash flight + economic stutter
Why is the movement of russian oligarchs a problem for the UK
Cameron accused of hypocracy when he criticised french for providing russian war gallions when he is harbpuring oligarchs in his capital
Why are Indians moving to UAE
Oil creating jobs, typical wage of $300 per month for Indians
No federal income tax, better quality of life
How is India benefiting from population moving to UAE
Reduced strain on public services- remittence money made in UAE returned to India
Why is the Indian movement to UAE bad for UAE
Smuggling and narcotics trade in UAE proliferated by difficult to monitor migration
How is India being exploited by UAE
Workers not compensated for oil rig accidents, exploited
Cultural erosion in Amazonia
Indigenous people becoming aware of western culture- style of dress modernising
Young generation choosing to move into cities- decay of traditional lifestyle
Hunting jaguars in peru almost to extinction
French reaction to globalisation
Law dictates 40% of tv output must be french productions
Government subsidise french film making
Chinese reaction to globalisation
“Great fire wall of China” + 34 foreign movies per year allowed (Quota)
Tension in EU causes by globalisation
8 eastern european countries joined the eu in 2004
Mass post accession migration, 1 million eatern europe migrants in UK
Locals beliece young migrants increase crude birth rate beyond school capacity
poor behaviour of young brits in europe
Rise of EU nationalism
Nationalist parties command significant support in the EU
opposition to migration, rejection of multiculturalism, rise of facism
Nationalist alliance in recent European Parliament elections
Fairtrade and coffee
coffee price plummets in 2001, Fairtrade emerges in 2002
Cause influx of cofee producers which puts downward pressure on prices
Decreased pesticide usage 80%, reduced worker exploitation
Audit fee of £1200
Ethical shopping and Marks & Spencers
Voluntary code of conduct- sets out basic workers rights
M&S reduce carbon emissions through buying from small foreign businesses
Cannot prevent businesses demanding lower prices
Supply chain monitored to hold large businesses accountable (Primark sweatshops)
Fairtrade and coffee
coffee price plummets in 2001, Fairtrade emerges in 2002
Cause influx of cofee producers which puts downward pressure on prices
Decreased pesticide usage 80%, reduced worker exploitation
Audit fee of £1200
Ethical shopping and Marks & Spencers
Voluntary code of conduct- sets out basic workers rights
M&S reduce carbon emissions through buying from small foreign businesses
Cannot prevent businesses demanding lower prices
Supply chain monitored to hold large businesses accountable (Primark sweatshops)
