Globalisation

Question 1

Davie

Answer 1

Fundamentalists seek to establish islands of certainty against what they see as social and cultural chaos.

Question 2

Hawley

Answer 2

Fundamentalists favour a world in which control over women’s sexuality, reproductive powers and their social and economic roles, is fixed for all time by divine decree.

Question 3

Giddens

Answer 3

Sees fundamentalism as a reaction to modernity, which undermines traditional norms e.g. about gender and sexuality.

Question 4

Beckford; EV of Giddens

Answer 4

Claims Giddens is fixated on fundamentalism, ignoring other ways that globalisation and modernity affect religion, he ignores differences between types of fundamentalism.

Question 5

Bruce

Answer 5

Agrees that the main cause of fundamentalism is the perception by religious traditionalists that globalisation threatens their beliefs and lifestyle.
However, Bruce regards fundamentalism as being confined to monotheistic religions.
He also argues that while fundamentalists share the same characteristics such as belief in the literal truth of a sacred text.