Globalisation Flashcards
What is globalisation?
Increasing interconnectiveness where events in one part of the world become globally impactful.
Why has human trafficking become more prolific?
Due to free movement and cross country travel being accessible and cheaper.
What are the different focuses of ECP and SCP?
Environmental- policing focus
Situational- physical environment focus
What are key points of Environmental Crime Prevention?
Zero tolerance approach
Police handed out harsher punishments for previously considered minor crime.
What are key points of Situational Crime Prevention?
It’s based on the ‘rational choice theory’.
Attractive to policy makers as it allowed crime to be reduced using relatively cheap and simple initiatives.
What are state crimes (with examples)?
Any crime committed by, or on behalf if nation-states to achieve their individual policies.
Examples: genocide, war crimes, assassinations etc.
Who are state crimes committed by?
By agents of the state:
Armed services, secret service, police, politicians etc.
Why are state crimes so serious?
Due to the sheer size of its impact
They can conceal crime
They can evade punishment
Power to make laws in own interest
Hard to get justice
What does Marxist Chambliss believe about state crimes?
Marx
Traditional criminology has ignored state crime.
Governments focus on ‘crime in the streets’ rather than ‘crimes in the suites’.
How do Herman and Schwendinger believe crimes should be defined?
We should define crime in terms of the violations of human rights rather than the breaking of rules.
What do labelling theorists believe about state crimes?
State crimes are acts which the social audience define as such.
What people define as a state crime changes over time, groups and culture.
What are green crimes (with examples)?
Crimes against the environment.
Examples: deforestation, destruction of habitats, dumping of toxic waste
What does Marxists believe about green crimes?
They are an act of power
The ruling class shape and define the law to benefit their own exploitative interests on the environment.
They define what us acceptable harm.
