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Geography - Miss Edmondson/Mr Ross > Globalisation > Flashcards

Globalisation Flashcards

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1
Q

What is globalisation

A

Increasing integration of economies around the world mainly movement of goods and services

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2
Q

What is time space compression

A

Travel times decrease due to inventions and places feel closer together

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3
Q

Capital - global flow

A

Movement of money - through businesses and charities

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4
Q

Commodities - global flow

A

Movement of items - shopping

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5
Q

Information - global flow

A

Movement of information - current affairs

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6
Q

Tourists - global flow

A

Movement of people - holidays

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7
Q

Migrants - global flow

A

Movement of migrants from one country to another - jobs

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8
Q

How does technology create connections

A

Internet banking- allows trade overseas
Planes - allows people to meet others
Phone - allows communication overseas

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9
Q

What is a tariff

A

A tax imposed on imports

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10
Q

What is a subsidy

A

Financial assistance to a business by government

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11
Q

What is privatisation

A

Transferring ownership of public service to private ownership for profit

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12
Q

What is neoliberalism

A

Political philosophy of free markets, free trade and privatisation
Thought by making trade easier= more neoliberalism

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13
Q

World Trade Organisation (WTO)

A

Organisation that has made rules for international trade

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14
Q

World bank

A

Lends money in global scale

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15
Q

International Monetary Fund

A

Channels loans from rich nations to poorer nations that apply

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16
Q

NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)

A

Established in January 1994 to eliminate tariffs and other restrictions on free trade between USA, Canada and Mexico

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17
Q

Trade bloc

A

International organisations bringing greater economic strength and security to nations that join

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18
Q

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)

A

Investment from another country, injection into country

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19
Q

European Union

A

27 members - Greece, Austria, Finland
Aim - grant all members freedom of movement

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20
Q

ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations)

A

10 members - Singapore, Indonesia
Aim - free trade, free movement of labour and capital

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21
Q

KOF index

A

Index of globalisation, scores countries on 3 categories - economic, social and political out of 100% total

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22
Q

A.T Kearney index

A

Index of globalisation, based on 4 measures political, communication, technology and political 0-1 score

23
Q

What is a switched off country

A

These are countries that don’t connect with other countries or they are underdeveloped - North Korea, Ethiopia

24
Q

Why is North Korea ‘switched off’

A

Autocracy - one family rules
Citizens don’t have internet
No undersea cables
Government and polices causes ‘switch off’

25
Q

TNCS

A

Transnational companies that have operations in multiple other countries

26
Q

Role of TNCs in globalisation - Astra Zenneca

A

Biggest pharmaceutical companies, employed more that 80,000 people in over 100 countries
Has made over $4.5b

27
Q

What is outsourcing

A

One company hires another company to be responsible for something

28
Q

What is glocalisation

A

the practice of conducting business according to both local and global considerations

29
Q

What is global shift

A

Shift in economic power and growth in countries

30
Q

Outsourcing in India - positives

A

High population + English
Impacts - introduction of call centres, good wages

31
Q

Outsourcing in India - negatives

A

Work can be repetitive
Long shifts

32
Q

Outsourcing in China - positives

A

Maturing economy
Wages increased by 30%

33
Q

Outsourcing in China - negatives

A

2500 metal workers lose limbs each year

34
Q

What is deindustrialisation

A

The reduction of industrial activity in an area or country

35
Q

What’s the migration theory

A

Lee’s push-pull theory
Factors that pull people to an area and push people away from an area
Also intervening obstacles - language

36
Q

What’s an illegal immigrant

A

Someone who lives/works in a country without legal right

37
Q

What’s a refugee

A

Someone who’s been forced to leave origin country due to war - legitimate

38
Q

What’s a asylum seeker

A

Someone who is seeking refuge in another country due to fear for life - not legitimate yet

39
Q

What’s a immigrant

A

A person who moves into a different country

40
Q

What’s a megacity

A

A city with more than 10 million people

41
Q

Megacity Mumbai - why do people migrate here

A

Many major industries
Many research centres
Very good infrastructure - highways, railways and airports
Lots of housing and education

42
Q

Megacity Mumbai - benefited

A

2 major ports have over 1/3 of countries foreign trade
Have advanced in technology - extract gems to sell

43
Q

Megacity Mumbai - problems

A

House prices have increased
Land prices increased
Greater pressure to redevelop slums

44
Q

Megacity Karachi - why do people migrate here

A

Largest industrial base in country
Economic reasons

45
Q

Megacity Karachi - benefits

A

Many political parties
Services used more
More spending

46
Q

Megacity Karachi - problems

A

Pressure on infrastructure
Rising housing costs
High homeless rate

47
Q

What’s is a global hub

A

Switched on places, have qualities that attract other places, want to connect with them

48
Q

What is global culture

A

People from same culture share common values and beliefs

49
Q

What is westernisation

A

Process of global culture being dominated by USA and Europe

50
Q

What is McDonaldisation

A

Fast food dominating more and more societies

51
Q

Positive of wester culture

A

Democracy
Education
Human rights
Gender equality
Freedom of speech

52
Q

Negatives of western culture

A

All cultures become the same
Consumerism
Islamophobia
Companies exploit poor

53
Q

What is consumerism

A

Belief that wealth, goods and services = happiness

Geography - Miss Edmondson/Mr Ross (3 decks)

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