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Geography Key Terms > Globalisation > Flashcards

Globalisation Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Global Shift

A

movement of manufacturing from Europe and the USA to Asian countries

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2
Q

What is reverse colonialism

A

when people form once colonised countries migrate to the country that colonised it

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3
Q

What is an internal migrant

A

someone who moves within a country

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4
Q

What is an economic migrant

A

someone who moved for economic gain

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5
Q

What is a refugee

A

someone forced to leave a place due to an event

natural disaster, war, famine

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6
Q

What is natural increase

A

when birth rates are higher than death rates

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7
Q

What is an Asylum seeker

A

someone who moves to seek protection and shelter

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8
Q

What is a megacity

A

a city with a population greater than 10 million

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9
Q

What is a diaspora

A

when a population is scattered across regions separate from its place of origin

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10
Q

What are global hubs

‘World Cities’

A

highly connected cities where migration rates are increased

London, NYC, Beijing, Mumbai

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11
Q

What is soft power

A

the ability to attract people/countries to a particular aspect of culture instead of through force

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12
Q

What is xenophobia

A

the dislike or prejudice against people from other countries

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13
Q

What is cultural diffusion

A

the spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group/country to another

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14
Q

What is cultural imperialism

A

the promotion of nations culture/language onto another

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15
Q

What is homogenization

A

the reduction of cultural diversity through popularisation and diffusion of a wide array of cultural symbols

physical objects, customs, ideas, values

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16
Q

What is cultural erosion

A

the wearing away of cultural traits which could lead to their disappearance

17
Q

What is westernization

A

to adopt or be influenced by the cultural, economic, or political systems of Europe and North America

18
Q

What is the development gap

A

the widening difference in levels of development between the worlds riches and the worlds poorest countries

19
Q

What is the Lorenz Curve

A

a graph where the cumulative % of total national income/wealth is plotted against the cumulative % of population

The more curved the line is = greater degree of inequality distribution

20
Q

What is the Gini Coefficient

A

measures the increasing inequality within countries

0-1

closer to 1 means greater income inequality

21
Q

What is GDP

Gross national produce

single measure

A

the mean average income of a country

22
Q

Why can GDP be misleading

A
  1. people woth high wages
  2. work in informal sectors aren’t accounted for
  3. unreliability that comes with currency exchange
23
Q

What is GNI

Gross National Produce

single measure

A

the sum of GDP and overseas income

24
Q

What is PPP

Purchasing power parity

single measure

A

how much (of the same products) you could purchase in different countries with the same amount of money

25
Q

What is Economic Sector Balance

composite measure

A

the money generated from the 4 industries

26
Q

What is HDI

Human Development Index

composite measure

A

a composite index that measures life expectancy, education, and income

27
Q

What is GEI

Gender equality index

composite measure

A

measure relates to:
1. reproductive health (measure by maternal mortality rates and adolescent birth rates)
2. Empowerment (Parliamentary seats, proportion of adults over 25 with a secondary education)
3. Labour force participation over 15 years old

28
Q

What is Environmental Quality

A

measures:
1. air pollution
2. particulate matter in air
3. soil quality
4. air quality

improves with development

29
Q

What is hybridism

A

a positive view of cultural diversity as organic/hybrid, and adopts/absorbs new migrant values

30
Q

What is pluralism

A

the toleration of equal rights for all migrants to practice their religious and cultural beliefs

31
Q

What is assimilation

A

the belief that minority traits should disappear as immigrants asopt host values

Geography Key Terms (8 decks)

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