globalisation

Question 1

Economic Globalisation:

Answer 1

capitalist free markets operate without national borders

Question 2

provide 4 examples of Evidence for a Globalised Economy:

Answer 2

1. Spread of capitalist free market
2. Growth and spread of TNCs
3. McDonaldisation (Ritzer, 2000)
4. Global financial markets

Question 3

Political Globalisation:

Answer 3

global TNCs, charities & multi-state organisations now make political decisions for many countries

Question 4

what is Global decision-making

Answer 4

states that act together to make decisions and work together to form Intergovernmental Organisations (IGOs)

Question 5

examples of Intergovernmental Organisations (IGOs)

Answer 5

European Union (EU)
United Nations (UN)
North-Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO)

Question 6

Cultural Globalisation

Answer 6

global media & communications, travel & tourism and world sport mean we’re all part of a world community

Question 7

summarise the Neoliberal Perspective

on globalisation

Answer 7

Known as “positive globalists” - they believe it’s a good thing because it extends free markets, liberal democracy and “trickle down” equality

Question 8

summarise the Radical Perspective

on Globalisation

Answer 8

they highlight issues in dependency theory and neo-colonialism as some pitfalls of globalisation

Believe globalisation only serves to increase inequality by making businesses more profitable through exploitative and disingenuous practices

Question 9

what does Cultural imperialism lead to

Answer 9

cultural homogenisation

Question 10

Cultural imperialism is

Answer 10

• imposing culture through economics/trade

Question 11

Cultural homogenisation is

Answer 11

• loss of cultural diversity as globalisation increases

Question 12

what do marxists believe are the new empire-builders? as a reference to neo-colonialism

Answer 12

TNCs and IGOs are the new empire-builders. This reflects traditional radical and Marxist thought.

Question 13

Transformationalist Perspective

believe that

Answer 13

• Globalisation might naturally slow or reverse

- We might be able to reject the negatives and accept the positives of globalisation

Question 14

why do transformationalists believe that cultural homogenisation wont happen. what is this called?

Answer 14

Homogenisation doesn’t need to happen - we can instead keep our culture and share it, for everyone’s benefit. This is called hybridization of culture

Question 15

outline the extent of economic gloablisation today.

Answer 15

Economic globalisation has come a long way- TNCs are now only curbed by IGOs like the EU, and are more powerful than almost all states

Question 16

what do hirst and thomson argue

Answer 16

that there is no evidence for a fully developed global economy. the economic downturn of 2008 has slowed down globalisation further

Question 17

why do neoliberals believe that the free market leads to economic growth

Answer 17

countries embracing the free market,, such as china and india, are countries experiencing economic development. however countries in africa are continuing to experience economic problems

Question 18

why do neoliberasls believe that economic problems in africa are continuing

Answer 18

because they are outside the global free market. countries must integrate their economies into the global market in order to develop

Question 19

what do radicals see globalisation as in affecting culture

Answer 19

radicals see globalisation as a leader of cultural homogenisation.

Question 20

what does mass advertising of western culture suggest to third world countries

Answer 20

mass advertising of western culture such as coca cola and mcdonalds suggests to people from these countries that they should adopt a western consumer lifestyle

Question 21

Explain what sociologists mean by “McDonaldisation” in relation to economic development

Answer 21

(Ritzer, 2000)

Sameness and rigid routine that characterises successful globalised business

Question 22

Outline the transformationalist view of globalisation & give evidence to support it

Answer 22

The world is naturally changing and has always been unequal.. Some countries rise while others fall - this is normal and is morally neutral.

Evidence: cultural hybridisation, cultural transmission

Question 23

Winners and Losers from Globalisation - P. 123

Answer 23

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Question 24

Transnational Capitalist Class (Sklair, 1995) Bottom Billion (Collier, 2007)

Answer 24

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Question 25

TNCs (Klein, 2000)

Answer 25

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