Global Warming

Question 1

What percentage of the earths water is salt water?

Answer 1

97.5%

Question 2

What percentage of the earths water is freshwater?

Answer 2

2.5%

Question 3

What are inland waters?

Answer 3

Inland waters are all the fresh water resources found on the continents (lakes,rivers,groundwaters)

Question 4

A water shed or catchment area is what?

Answer 4

Area of land which all inland waters drain into the same larger body of water.

Question 5

Topography

Answer 5

Slope of land ‘ steep slopes drain easily and quickly

Question 6

Geology

Answer 6

Type of rock; holes or gaps in rocks vs. compact clay

Question 7

Climate

Answer 7

Rainfall, winds and temperature

Question 8

Vegetation

Answer 8

Highly vegetated areas can slow water flows

Question 9

Development

Answer 9

A dam can prevent water from flowing easily

Question 10

What are factors that affect how water flows within a water shed

Answer 10

Topography
Geology
Climate 
Vegetation 
Development

Question 11

What percentage if the earth is covered by water?

Answer 11

71%

Question 12

What factors can affect the circulation of surface currents and depth currents in the ocean?

Answer 12

Air pressure and differences in the atmosphere

The rotation of the earth

Question 13

How will the warming of the waters affect the thermohaline circulation?

Answer 13

The water will have a greater density of salt and there will be be no cold water to create the thermohaline circulation.

Question 14

Where is most of the earths freshwater found?

Answer 14

Glaciers

Question 15

Océan temperatures varie with…

Answer 15

Depth, season and latitude

Question 16

Depth;

Answer 16

Sunlight warms the top layers of the ocean

Water canot be colder than 4degrees Celsius

Question 17

Season;

Answer 17

Oceans warm slightly in the summer and cools slightly in the summer
The changes are less pronounced than on the land because water looses or gains heat much more slowly than land
Ex: sand absorbs heat therefore land is hotter than water

Question 18

Latitude;

Answer 18

Ocean waters are warmer at the equator

Depending on the latitude that the country is placed will determine how hot/cold it is

Question 19

Salinity;

Answer 19

The amount of salt dissolved in a liquid

Question 20

Ocean curent;

Answer 20

The movement of sea water in a certain direction

(—>

Question 21

Ocean circulation;

Answer 21

Is the combined effects of all currents that move in oceans

Question 22

Surface currents; 3 things

Answer 22

400m of water
Wind
Air pressure differences in the atmosphere

Question 23

Subsurface currents;

Answer 23

Occur at depths of more than 800m
Due to variations of density between layers of water
Cold water is more dense and tends to sink
High salinity water is more dense and sinks as well

Question 24

Cold, warm, fresh and salty water tend to float or sink?

Answer 24

Hot/fresh

Cold/salty

Question 25

Thermohaline circulation;

Answer 25

Results in water being moved all over the globe

Prevents the earth of entering an ice age

Question 26

The cryosphere;

Answer 26

All frozen water on the surface of the earth

Pack ice, glaciers,frozen lakes

Question 27

Pack ice;

Answer 27

Ice floating on the oceans heart the north and south poles

Due to global warming there is less and less pack ice (putting polar bears in danger)

Question 28

Glaciers;

Answer 28

A mass of ice on land formed by snow
Contains fresh water
The melting of glaciers may lead to a rise in sea levels which can cause major flooding (Florida)

Question 29

Hydroelectric dams;

Answer 29

Causes large areas of flooding
This flooding releases toxic mercury into the environment
Affects the First Nations

Question 30

Chemical pollution;

Answer 30

Metals, Mercury, PCB’s

Question 31

Thermal pollution ;

Answer 31

Heat discharged from factories can decrease oxygen and lead to fish dying due to no oxygen

Question 32

What are the different types of pollution?

Answer 32

Chemical pollution
Thermal pollution
Oil spills
Plastics

Question 33

Eutrophication;

Answer 33

Farming activities add fertilizers to rivers and lakes (nitrogen, phosphorus)
Leads to algae growth
Algae reduces oxygen levels and fish start dying
Green scum forms on lakes