Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Global Systems > Flashcards

Global Systems Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Biosphere

A

The sum of all places on Earth where life exists .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Atmosphere

A

The layer of air surrounding the Earth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hydrosphere

A

All bodies of water.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ecosystem

A

Community of living organisms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Biotic

A

Living

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Abiotic

A

No living

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Population

A

A group of living things of the same species living in the same place at the same time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Community

A

A group of different species living in the same place at the same time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the source of energy on Earth ?

A

The sun.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are producers?

A

Producers are plants. They undergo photosynthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a consumer ?

A

Consumers are all living things that are not plants.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a food chain ?

A

Food chains show various producers and consumers, as well as their dependence on each other.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is an autotroph?

A

Autotrophs are producers.

CO2 + H2O —> glucose + O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are heterotrophs?

A

Heterotrophs are consumers.

glucose + O2 —> CO2 + H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the connection between photosynthesis and respiration?

A

The reactantsof photosynthesised the products of respiration and vide versa.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are decomposers?

A

Decomposers (Fungi + Bacteria) eat the waste of plants and dead bodies (anaerobic - don’t use oxygen).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

Photosynthesis is the process that green plants go through when they use sunlight to gather nutrients from carbon dioxide and water.

18
Q

What is the carbon cycle?

A

The carbon cycle shows where CO2 comes from and where it gets recycled.

19
Q

Where does carbon get locked away?

A

Inside fossil fuels and limestone.

20
Q

What do we need nitrogen for?

A

Nitrogen is an essential component of proteins which animals and plants need to survive and grow.

If the nitrates in the soil are used by the plants the ground becomes less fertile. If the nitrates are not replaced quickly enough the plants will eventually deplete the soil of nitrogen.

21
Q

What foods have nitrogen?

A

Plant based foods - nuts, eggs and meat (have eaten plants).

22
Q

What is Rhizobium bacteria?

A

Rhizobium bacteria live in the roots of plants and directly fix nitrogen from the atmosphere and produce nitrates.

23
Q

What is nitrifying bacteria?

A

Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia into nitrites and then nitrates.

24
Q

How do plants get nitrogen?

A

Nitrogen is fixed from the air by bacteria that produce nitrites and then nitrates that plants take up with their roots.

25
Q

How does nitrogen enter the atmosphere?

A

Some bacteria release nitrogen gas (N2) back into the atmosphere.

26
Q

How do thunderstorms affect nitrogen?

A

During thunderstorms, lightening converts (N2) to nitrates that get washed into the soil during the rainfall.

27
Q

Evaporation?

A

Water in seas, oceans, lakes, etc evaporates and rises into the atmosphere. Water is evaporated by the sun

28
Q

How are clouds formed?

A

The water vapour collects together and eventually condense on cold air particles to form clouds.

29
Q

Precipitation?

A

When clouds become fully saturated with water droplets it rains/hails/snows.

30
Q

Percolation?

A

The water returns to the lithosphere and percolates through the ground into underground water to form rivers (etc) and then returns to the sea.

31
Q

What do atmospheric greenhouse gases do?

A

The atmosphere of the Earth allows the right amount of the suns energy to remain on the Earth and therefore regulates surface temperature.

32
Q

What are the gases called that regulate Earth temperature?

A

The gases that help regulate surface temperature are called greenhouse gases.

When UV is absorbed by the earth it gets warm. This warmth is lost by infrared radiation (IR). This IR causes the atmosphere to heat up too.

33
Q

Typical naturally occurring greenhouse gases include:

A 
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Water vapour (H2O)
Methane (CH4)
Nitrous oxide (N2O)
34
Q

What is a greenhouse?

A

A greenhouse is a place where plants grow better.

35
Q

Explain the greenhouse effect.

A

The UV rays from the sun pass through the glass and their energy absorbed by everything inside: it gets warm. This causes those warm things to redirect their energy but it is released as IR and IR cannot pass through glass. This the inside of the greenhouse is warmer than the outside. The atmosphere and it’s greenhouse gases act like glass in the greenhouse. The amount of energy trapped in this way makes the Earth the perfect place for life.

36
Q

What is the enhanced greenhouse effect?

A

The enhanced greenhouse effect refers to the contribution made to greenhouse gases by humans.

37
Q

How do industries contribute to the greenhouse effect?

A

Some industries release pollution into the atmosphere or the hydrosphere that may contribute to the greenhouse effect. The consequences may be atmosphere rise in temperature or plant life in the hydrosphere being killed off.

38
Q

What is water pollution?

A

Water pollution might include materials that act as fertiliser that causes blooms of plant life that use up all the nutrients in the water. Plants die and rot and the water becomes depleted of oxygen (hypoxia) and hence fish, etc die.

39
Q

What are algal blooms? How do they occur?

A

Algal blooms float, are alive and breed rapidly. Algal blooms occur as a result of water pollution and further reduce the suitability for life in the waterway. Phosphates, carbon dioxide and water are essential for growth.

40
Q

What is the process of oxygen removal from waterways?

A

The process of removal of oxygen from waterways in this way is called eutrophication.

41
Q

What is deforestation?

A

Deforestation refers to the removal of natural forests without replanting.

42
Q

Carbon “locked away” ?

A

The carbon will STAY where it is and will not go into the atmosphere whilst it is “locked away” as an undiscovered fuel source.

Science (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions