Global perspectives Flashcards
citizenship rights
relationship between an individual and a state to which the individual owes allegiance and in turn is entitled to its protection
civil rights
necessary for individual freedom e.g. freedom of speech, freedom of movement, the right to own property
land rights
The struggle for Indigenous people for the legal and moral recognition of prior land ownership and associated rights.
Sovereignty
The legal recognition of ownership of land and territory. Implicit in the concept is the right to self-government.
treaty rights of Indigenous peoples
Article 37:Indigenous peoples have the right to recognize, enforce, and respect Treaties, Agreements, and Constructive Arrangements.
What are international declarations, agreements and covenants that address Indigenous human rights and social justice
- United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues
- United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
- Universal Declaration on Human Rights
What issues does United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigneous Issues
address
Economic
Social
Developmental
Cultural
Environment
Education
Health
Indicators of socioeconomic status (social)
education level
- health
- contact with the criminal justice system
-employment/unemployment level
- a type of occupation/job
- housing
- access to services water, sewerage etc.
indicators of socioeconomic status (economic)
- income, salary, wages
- level of dependency on welfare payments
- home ownership
- asset level.
What is the average income for Canada’s Aboriginal people vs non _Indigenous people
Average income in 2015 for Canada’s total non-Indigenous population was $46,449,
The average income for the total Indigenous population was $36,748
Education level Canada
- 29 % of the non-Indigenous population between 25 and 64 years of age had attained a university degree by 2016 -11 % of Indigenous people had achieved this level of education
Housing in Canada
In 2016, the proportion of Indigenous dwellings requiring major repairs was 19%,
Compared to 6% for the non-Indigenous population.
2 international documents address Indigenous human rights and social justice
1)United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues
2)United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
Employment: General population vs Indigenous peoples
Employment was at 81.6 %for the non-Indigenous population compared to 65.8% for the total Indigenous population
Health- Indigenous Australians (smoking)
In 2016 44% of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 15 and over described themselves as current smoker
Health- Indigenous Australians (smoking)
Smoking rates for Indigenous peoples is 2.6x higher than it is for non-Indigenous people
Health- Indigenous Australians (mortality rates)
80% of the mortality gap between Indigenous and other Australians aged 35–74 years is due to chronic diseases
Health- Indigenous Australians (babies)
In 2020 11% of live-born singleton babies were an unhealthy birthweight in comparison to 6% of non-Indigenous babies
Health- Indigenous Australians (suicide rates)
suicide among Indigenous Australians is twice the rate of non-Indigenous Australians
Employment- Indigenous Australians
10% of the Indigenous population aged 15-64 are unemployed compared to 4% of the non-Indigenous population
Menindee- Education
3.4% Indigenous population completed bachelor degree level and above compared to 8.7% of the general population.
Effects of racism on social justice and human rights
- High incarceration
-Reduces self-esteem ad confidence - Employment opportunities
-Reduces identity as an Australian/ Canada - Feeling unaccepted by non–Indigenous population
-Institutional racism
Manifestations of racism
- Individual
- Overt
-Covert - Institutional
- Cultural
Definition of Individual racism
When racist beliefs are displayed one-on-one
