Global Health Main Ideas

Question 1

what was the purpose of the Alma Ata Declaration of 1978?

Answer 1

health as a fundamental human right

Question 2

what does the UN’s SDGs tackle?

Answer 2

global challenges like poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, peace, and justice

Question 3

what is cultural competence to a nurse but what does it risk?

Answer 3

fully understand another culture (but can reinforce stereotypes and unequal power dynamics)

Question 4

what is cultural humility?

Answer 4

it encourages self-awareness, continuous learning, and fostering respectful, equitable relationships with clients while embracing the complexity of culture

Question 5

nurse’s role in improving global health

Answer 5

promote social justice, engage in political action, and support healthy public policy

Question 6

what is key to global health equity

Answer 6

Addressing issues (poverty, inequality, ethics, social justice) through upstream interventions, such as improving living conditions and equitable resource distribution, is key to global health equity.

Question 7

what is global health???

Answer 7

encompasses health problems transcending national boundaries with political, economic, and environmental impacts

Question 8

what is climate justice?

Answer 8

Shifts the focus from greenhouse gas discussions to addressing civil rights, highlighting the unequal burdens of climate change on marginalized and vulnerable communities while advocating for fairness and equity. (helping people and making sure everyone gets the same chance to be safe and happy, no matter where they live)

Question 9

what is redistribution?

Answer 9

taxation, global aid, policies like national pharmacare and social programs

Question 10

three key takeaways to reduce inequity:

Answer 10

1. Improve daily living conditions (e.g., housing, education, access to clean water).
2. Tackle inequities in power, money, and resource distribution.
3. Monitor and evaluate health policies to measure impact and ensure accountability.

Question 11

four main areas of the ICN Code of Ethics

Answer 11

1. Nurses and patients
2. Nurses and practice
3. Nurses and profession
4. Nurses and global health (advocate for access to health care and work to improve health systems for everyone, especially vulnerable populations, promote health globally, address root causes of illness, and advocate for sound health policies)

Question 12

advocacy efforts should include…

Answer 12

addressing wealth inequities through regulatory policies and supporting marginalized communities, including Indigenous populations.

Question 13

what is Indigenous Knowledge?

Answer 13

emphasize interconnectedness with the land, life, and ecosystems (cultural and environmental well being) so you need to address their health challenges in relation to their specific lands and ecosystems

Question 14

SDoH in relation to Indigenous Peoples

Answer 14

historical trauma, economic instability, discrimination, and access to healthcare.

Question 15

upstream factors for Indigenous health

Answer 15

colonialism & systemic racism

Question 16

what are health inequities experienced by Indigenous Peoples and why

Answer 16

• low life expectancy
• high rates of diseases, mental health issues, and suicide
• infant and maternal health challenges
  -> because of systemic social exclusion, inadequate healthcare, environmental injustices

Question 17

TRC’s Calls to Action (4)

Answer 17

1. Education (training in Indigenous history and health issues)
2. Integration (of Indigenous healers into Western healthcare)
3. Representation (of Indigenous healthcare workers)
4. Funding (sustainable funding for healing centres to address intergenerational trauma)

Question 18

why is an integration of Indigenous health into Western medicine important?

Answer 18

addresses physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health

Question 19

what does UNDRIP stand for

Answer 19

United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples

Question 20

what does UNDRIP do?

Answer 20

provides a framework to eliminate discrimination & ensure Indigenous self-determination, land rights, and cultural preservation (rights to Indigenous People basically to be themselves)

Question 21

where does criticism come from with regards to UNDRIP?

Answer 21

non-binding nature of UNDRIP & Canada’s reluctance to fully implement its principles