global hazards Flashcards

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1
Q

where does air circulation occur?

A

between high and low pressure belts as surface winds

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2
Q

how are winds caused?

A

changes in air pressure

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3
Q

how are changes in air pressure caused

A

changes in temperature between the poles and equator

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4
Q

atmospheric circulation;

A

sun heats equator causing air to rise
the air cools as it moves to 30 degrees north and south, then it sinks to the ground
some goes back as trade winds other winds blow towards the poles (westerlies)
60• north and south the warm surface winds meet colder air rises as less dense creates low pressure
some air moves back but some goes to the poles where it cools and sinks and is drawn back through surface winds

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5
Q

what are trade winds?

A

air moving back to the equator

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6
Q

what are westerlies?

A

air moving to the poles

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7
Q

what are cells

A

air circulation between high and low pressure belts

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8
Q

what are characteristics of temperate climates?

A

moderate summers and winters
low pressure belt around 60 degrees north with 2 cells meeting caused a lot of rainfall
between 60-30 degrees

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9
Q

polar climate characteristics:

A

low temp all year

60+ degrees north and south

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10
Q

tropical characteristics:

A

hot all the time

high rainfall due to 2 cells meeting causing low pressure

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11
Q

arid characteristics:

A

low rainfall
30degrees n/s
hot and warm
sun king air from 2 cells with high pressure and low rainfall

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12
Q

what does low pressure and sinking air cause?

A

few clouds

little to block suns energy

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13
Q

what are the temperatures like in polar climate?

A

low all year round

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14
Q

how does precipitation occur

A

when warm air cools and condenses

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15
Q

where does precipitation normally occur?

A

low pressure belts causing intense rainfall

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16
Q

what is rainfall like in high pressure areas?

A

rainfall is low like sahara

17
Q

true or false: belts stay in the same place forever

A

false: belts can vary in location over time

moderate weather countries can have completely opposite weather from rain to dry weather

18
Q

how is wind caused?

A

atmospheric circulation

19
Q

where do winds go from?

A

high to low pressure

20
Q

what’s wind like in pressure belts

A

weak

21
Q

where is wind strongest?

A

in between pressure belts - winds can become very powerful