Global Governance and Commons Flashcards
What is the UN?
An intergovernmental organisation to promote international co-operation
When was the UN set up?
1945 after WW2
How many member states does the UN have?
193
What are 3 main objectives of the UN?
Maintaining international peace and society
Promoting human rights
Protecting environment
What is the aim of the Security Council?
To maintain world peace and security
What is the aim of the Economic & Social Council?
To improve standards of living and promote human rights.
Who does the Economic & Social Council work with?
WTO
What is the aim of the General Assembly?
To develop good relations and co-operation between nations
What is the aim of the International Court Of Justice?
International law violations are trialed
What is the aim of The WHO - World Health Organisation?
To manage international public health issues by combating and eradicating spread of global diseases
What is the aim of the UN Development Programme? UNDP
The eradication of poverty and the reduction of inequalities and exclusion
What is the aim of the Trusteeship Council?
Helps to develop nations into becoming independent countries
What is the aim of the Secretariat?
Internal, admin workings of the UN
When were the MDGs set up?
2010
What does MDG stand for?
Millennium Development goals
What does MDGs target?
All member countries
What is the IMF?
International monetary fund
What does the IMF regulate and stabilise?
Financial flows and stabilises the global monetary system
What does the IMF offer?
Financial assistance to its members
What does the IMF provide to countries?
Bail-out loans to resolve problems
What does the World Bank provide support with?
Loans for development projects in LDCs with aims to reduce poverty
What does the World Bank promote?
Economic development in developing countries
What does the World Bank encourage?
Start-up private enterprises in developing countries
Why is the World Bank criticised?
2 Reasons
The conditions attached to loans have not always had the effect to reduce poverty.
Always had funding scandals
What is a country that IMF helped?
Jordan
Was the IMF successful with helping Jordan?
Yes
How was it successful with helping Jordan?
Able to bring down its overall debt payments and restructure it at a manageable level
Why is the IMF criticised?
2 reasons
Takes away political autonomy
Moral Hazard
What is the WTO?
World Trade Organisation
When did WTO come into existance?
1995
How many members does WTO currently have?
164 members
As a percentage, how much does WTO cover of world trade?
98%
What does WTO provide?
Stability and gives members confidence in the international trading system
What does the WTO deal with?
Deals with global rules of trade between nations
Why is the WTO criticised?
1 reason
Free trade ignores cultural and social factors
What are NGOs?
Non-governmental organisations
Where do NGOs operate?
Across boundaries and at all scales
What have NGOS expanded?
Their scope and have increasingly become international organisations
Why have NGOs emerged?
3 reasons
Democratise decision making
Protect human rights
Provide essential services
What is an operational NGO?
These provide frontline support services to the needy
What is an example of a operational NGO?
Oxfam
What is an advocacy NGO?
Those who focus on campaigns to raise awareness and to gain support for a cause
What is a common?
A resource or area that is shared or utilised by many people
What are 3 major global commons?
Antarctica
The High Seas
Outer Space
What are 2 principles of global commons?
Must take into consideration future generations
Resources found are available for everyone’s use and benefit
What is the Outer Space treaty?
Provides the basic framework on international space law
What is Antarctica?
Continent located in the Southernmost part of the Southern atmosphere
What is global governance?
The process of global management, where multiple nations act together in matters that affect the entire world
What does global governance focus on?
Issues such as reducing poverty, conflict and combating global climate change
What are the Millennium development goals?
8 targets set out by the UN designed to improve the lives of those in least developed countries.
