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GLOBAL GOVERANCE > Global Commons MOCK > Flashcards

Global Commons MOCK Flashcards

1
Q

What is globalisation showing?

A

That countries and regions are more connected and dependant on each other than ever before

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2
Q

Why have systems evolved?

A

To support the increased economic, political and environment interdependence that exists in the contemporary world

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3
Q

Who has created these ‘global systems’ ?

A

Various groups such as the UN

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4
Q

What are global commons?

A

Areas not controlled by a single country but instead all nations

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5
Q

What are the 4 global commons?

A

High seas
Outer space
Antarctica
Atmosphere

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6
Q

Who makes the international laws that regulate these global systems?

A

The UN

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7
Q

Who controls the High Seas?

A

UNCLOS

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8
Q

What are the high seas?

A

Areas of ocean outside the control of nations

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9
Q

What is the high seas law based of ?

A

Freedom of the seas

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10
Q

What does the freedom of the seas suggest?

A

That no single nation can claim the areas beyond their coastlines

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11
Q

What does UNCLOS restrict access to?

A

Sea-bed resources such as metallic materials

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12
Q

How do countries gain access to sea-bed resources?

A

Have to pay which then is distributed to countries with no access to high sea resources

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13
Q

Who governs the atmosphere?

A

UNFCCC

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14
Q

Name one agreement which helps the atmosphere?

A

Paris Climate Accord

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15
Q

What do the agreements restrict? e.g Paris

A

Carbon emissions to the atmosphere

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16
Q

Who regulates Antarctica?

A

ATS = Antarctic Treaty System

17
Q

When was the ATS introduced?

A

1961

18
Q

How many countries signed the ATS?

A

53 countries

19
Q

How many agreements are there?

A

14

20
Q

Name some of the agreements set for ATS?

A

Ban on military and nuclear testing
Freedom of scientific research - can’t claim resources

21
Q

When does the ATS group meet and why?

A

Annually and discusses territory issues

22
Q

What is an agreement that protects Antarctica?

A

Madrid Protocol

23
Q

What is the Madrid Protocol?

A

Designates Antarctica as a natural reserve
Prohibits mining exploration
Requires all waste to be returned to country of origin

24
Q

What is an example of a non-UN agreement?

A

International Whaling Commission - IWC

25
Q

How does the idea of the tragedy of the commons affect people?

A

If a nation overexploits a resource, can have negative impacts

26
Q

What is an example of a nation overexploiting?

A

Overfishing of cod in the Atlantic

27
Q

Why was the overfishing a problem for people?

A

Population virtually wiped out and jobs were lost in the fishing industry

28
Q

Why can the exploitation be considered a failure for UNCLOS?

A

UNCLOS doesn’t prevent fishing in the high seas outside national control so this is why it occurred

29
Q

What does the Paris Climate Accord aim to do?

A

Reduce the effects of climate change

30
Q

How does the Paris agreement impact people negatively?

A

Can be argued that people in the fossil fuel industry lose their jobs

31
Q

How can the growth in renewable energy be a positive thing?

A

Can potentially offset some of these job losses

32
Q

How can UNCLOS regulating sea-bed resources and countries getting money if not signed benefit them?

A

They get money which can improve the lives of people in that country

33
Q

Why may the regulations of mining the sea floor have direct impacts on the growth of renewable energy?

A

Can impact availability on the metals that are used to build renewable energy products

34
Q

How can the tourism side of Antarctica be affected and how can this impact people negatively?

A

Treaties limit tourism and this can mean restrictions to travel and the opportunities to view Antarctica can be negative for some people

35
Q

With the restrictions, how can this impact people positively?

A

Means that the area can be preserved so future generations can visit

36
Q

How does the IWC ban on whaling positively impact people?

A

Future generations get to experience them

GLOBAL GOVERANCE (9 decks)

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